1: Personal Computer Hardware Networking for Home & Small Business

What do they have in common?

Common Features Hardware OS- Required Application Software

Types of Applications Business/Industry-specific –Designed specially Medical CAD Educational Mitchell on Demand- Auto General Use –Wide range use & home Word processing Spreadsheet Accounting

Applications Classified Local Application –Stored on HD –Works on that PC Network Application –Runs over network (Internet) –2 components One parts runs on local Other part runs on remote host is a good example

Activity 1.Student chatting w/ friend in another room using IM. 2.Family keeping track of expenses using spreadsheet program on the HD.

Activity 1.Construction company develops a program to estimate cost of building a home. Program loads from CD. 2.Person sends to friend I other country.

Activity 1.Real estate agent uses PC to post info about a house that other agents access. 2.Student types HW using word process program loaded from HD.

Classes of Computers Mainframes Servers Desktops Workstations Laptops Hand-held portable devices

Servers

Provides important services to end users/ clients –Quick response (multiple CPUs) –Large RAM –Multiple high capacity drives Used all the time –May have redundant parts to prevent failure File storage, storage, web server, etc

Workstations Business computers –3-D, CAD Designed for special high-end apps Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high- capacity drives Workstations usually have very powerful graphics capabilities and a large monitor or multiple monitors.

Workstation vs. Home PC What do you have? CPU RAM HD(s) Monitor(s) Video Card Media Drive

Activity

Portable Devices Laptop, Tablet, PDA, Cell, Gaming Portable –Can plug into docking station Advantages? Disadvantages?

Portable Devices

Review 1.Where do workstations & servers keep data stored? –Hard drive 2.Why would servers require duplicate parts? –Needs to be accessible all the time 3.What’s another word for duplicate? –Redundant

End of Day One Review 1.Why hook a laptop to a docking station? –External monitor, more ports 2.Which are industry-specific applications for software? –Excel, CAD, Word, Address Book, Medical Management 3.What are the 3 common features of computers? –OS, Hardware, Applications

Binary On (1) or Off (0)  BITS Used to represent letters, numbers, graphics, etc –ASCII 8 bits = 1 byte 1KB= 1024 bytes 1MB= more than a million bytes 1GB= more than a billion bytes What’s after gigabytes? –Terabytes (TB)

Digital Representation More detail means more bits needed

How does this relate? MP3 player with a song that’s 32MB –MP3 is a type of compression –32 million bytes squeezes down to 3MB without loss of quality –Download songs within minutes instead of hours –Hundreds of MP3’s on a small device Transfer a song from PC with USB cable –USB is 480Mbps or 480 million bits per second –Less than a second speed

Flashback Click HereClick Here

Digital Communication Digital info transmits over distances without the quality becoming degraded. Modem converts bits for travel over media

Bits: Data Transfer Rates kbps –Kilobits per second –Modem is 56kbps Mbps –Megabits per second –Cable modem is 6Mbps File download time theoretical

Resolution & Frequency Graphic Resolution measured in pixels –Monitor –1280 x 1024 Analog Frequencies measured in cycles –How fast cycle or refreshes –CPU measured in Hertz –1 Hz= one cycle per second –300 MHz processor executes 300 million cycles per second

Lab Lab Determining Data Storage Capacity Objectives –Determine the amount of RAM (in MB) installed in a PC. –Determine the size of the hard disk drive (in GB) installed in a PC. –Determine the used and available space on the hard disk drive (in GB). –Check other types of storage devices (floppy, CD-ROM, DVD).

End of Day Two Lab Lab Determining the Screen Resolution of a Computer Objectives –Determine the current screen resolution of a PC monitor. –Determine the maximum resolution for the highest color quality. –Calculate the number of pixels needed for resolution settings. –Identify the type of monitor and graphics card installed.

Review 1.Describe how a server is different from a workstation. 2.Name the 3 types of servers we discussed. 3.What are the two measures for the size of a file?

The Computer System Preassembled Advantages: –Lower cost –Good for most applications –No wait for assembly –Typical for basic consumers Disadvantages: –Often lack the performance level that can be obtained from custom built computers

The Computer System Custom Built Advantages: –You can specify exact components you need –Generally support higher performance applications such as graphics, gaming, and server applications Disadvantages: –Generally more costly than preassembled PC –Longer wait for assembly

Your Considerations What do you consider to be most important when building a PC? –Motherboard –Processor –RAM –Storage –Adapter Cards –Case & Power

Motherboard Large circuit board –Connects electronics –Allows components to attach –It moves data between components

Motherboard Slots for cards –Sound, Video –Most come integrated When selecting a motherboard it must: –Support the selected CPU type and speed –Support the amount and type of RAM –Have sufficient slots to accept required cards

CPU –Decide 1 st –Speed measured in GHz –Faster= more heat & consume more power What’s the path data moves on called? –Bus

RAM 2 nd most important What’s multitasking? –May require more RAM

Adapter Cards

Storage Devices What happens to RAM when no power? Non-volatile –Does not go when no power Magnetic storage devices –HD, Floppy, Tape Optical storage devices –Read only: CD, DVD –Write once: CD-R, DVD-R –Write many: CD-RW, DVD-RW Static memory (flash) drives –USB

Peripheral Devices Input devices –Trackball, joystick, scanner, digital camera, digitizer, barcode reader, microphone Output devices –Printer, plotter, speakers, headphones Storage devices –Secondary hard drive, external CD/DVD devices, flash drives Networking –External modems, external NIC

Input, Output, Storage or Networking Device

Case & Power Supply Usually sold together Power supply must handle all devices plus future upgrades

Surge Suppressor What about electrical surges? –Surge suppressor –Remove voltage spikes & surges from power line –Surges can go through cable, phone, network lines

Uninterruptible Power Supply: UPS Internal battery If power goes out, kicks in Gives you time to save & shut down –Also protects against surge

Review 1.Which component is the nerve center of the PC? –CPU 2.Name 2 advantages of buying a preassembled computer. 3.You want to multitask. Which component is more important, RAM or HD? –RAM

Review 1.Which component connects you to a network? NIC 2.Name 2 output devices. 3.What does a UPS have that a surge protector doesn’t? Internal battery

End of Day Three Lab 1.4 Handout Research specific components/peripherals

Safety & Best Practices Before you open the case… –Shut power off & remove cable DO NOT OPEN MONITORS OR POWER SUPPLIES!!!! Devices that can be removed while power is on are called… –Hot-swappable Static electricity transferred from body to components is called… –ESD Review (1,2,3)

Installing Components 1.Hot swap or not? –If not, unplug power 2.Attach grounding strap 3.Remove old component 4.Put new one in 5.Connect cables, close case, power up 6.Driver might be in OS –Will prompt if not –Get current driver 7.Test

What if it doesn’t work? Problems? –System Resources are assigned automatically –Check drivers –Power down & reseat device

Peripherals

Installing Peripherals Connect on outside of PC Review PnP Device –PnP driver installed 1 st –Legacy, driver after connection If PnP device doesn’t work, what next? –Check cables- is it connected? –Check power- is it on? –Use a testing function- Print test page

Review Which component process all data? –CPU You want to run Office & PhotoShop at the same time. Which component is most important? –RAM Which card allows connection to other PC’s? –NIC

Review Which device protects from power line surges? –Surge suppressor A ____ provides backup power. –UPS ______ code represents characters with bits. –ASCII What device has duplicate parts & why? –Server, should always be accessible

Review Name 2 industry specific software. –Medical, CAD A _____ allows you time to shut down a computer in a failure. –UPS How many binary digits are there? –2- 0 or 1 A CPU is measured in _____. –Hertz

Review What is used to prevent ESD? –Grounding strap Your USB printer isn’t working. What do you check? –Power, USB cable, self test, drivers

What to Study… Journal review questions This PPT Study Guide Handouts Chapter curriculum End of chapter summary End of chapter quiz

1: Personal Computer Hardware Networking for Home & Small Business