Introduction to computers 103 學年度 上學期 Solution of Homework_ch1 授課教授：李錫智

Question 1. All modern computers have the same underlying structure, which is known as Von Neumann architecture. What is the Von Neumann architecture? Describe the structure with graph briefly. Describe the three essential components of a computer that make up the von Neumann architecture.

Solution Q1. I. II. Input/Output Devices (I/O) allow the user to interact with the computer Memory stores information to be processed as well as programs (instructions specifying the steps necessary to complete specific tasks) Central Processing Unit (CPU) carries out the instructions to process information.

Question 2. The memory stores programs and data as binary digits. Bits which are represented as 0 and 1 are the building blocks of digital memory. Memory capacity is usually specified in different units. Please convert these units as shown below. 1 Byte ==? Bit 1 Kilobytes(KB) ==? bits 1 Megabytes (MB) == ? Byte 1 Gigabytes (GB) == ? Kilobyte (KB) 1 Terabytes (TB) == ? Gigabytes (GB)

Solution Q2. I.1 Byte == 8 bits II.1 KB == 2 10 bytes == 2 10 *8 bits == 8,192 bits III.1 MB == 2 10 KB == 2 20 Bytes == 1,048,576 bits IV.1 GB == 2 10 MB == 2 20 KB == 1,048,576 KB V.1 TB == 2 10 GB == 1,024 GB

Question 3. The binary is represented as 0 and 1. There is just 1 bit to present the 2 values. Octal numbers are represented as 0~7. How many bits are necessary for an octal number? Hexadecimal numbers are represented as 0~15. How many bits are necessary for a hexadecimal number? How many different values can be represented using a byte?

Solution Q3.-1 Binary ： Only 2 values (= 2 1 numbers), 0 and 1. bit state 0 is equal to 0, and bit state 1 is equal to 1. => 1 bit. Octal ： Number 0~7, total 8 numbers (= 2 3 numbers). => 3 bits. (000) Binary = (0) Oct, (001) 2 = (1) 8, (010) 2 = (2) 8, ……, (111) 2 = (7) 8. ( ) 2 = (10) 8 = (8) 10, ( ) = (11) 8 = (9) 10. Hexadecimal ： Number 0~15(=0,1,2,…,9,A,B,C,D,E), total 16 numbers(= 2 4 numbers). => 4 bits. (0000) 2 = (0) 16,(0001) 2 = (1) 16, ……, (1001) 2 = (9) 16, (1010) 2 = (A) 16 = (10) 10, (1011) 2 = (B) 16 = (11) 10,…, (1111) 2 = (E) 16 = (15) 10

Solution Q byte = 8 bits => => total 2 8 (=256) numbers Answer ： I. 3 bits II.4 bits III.256

Question 4. Consider the following fictitious URL: What does each part of this URL(separated by slashed) specify? Signifies that the page is to be accessed using the standard means of retrieving Web pages, the HyperText Transfer Protocol(HTTP) Specifies the name of the Web server that stores the page. Specifies the directory where the page is stored on the server. Specifies the name of page. Usually, Web pages end with either.html or.htm, although other extensions are allowed

The end of Solution Homework_ch1 Teacher assistant: