LANSCE Update for BESAC February 26, 2002 Paul W. Lisowski LANSCE Division Leader Los Alamos National Laboratory

Outline LANSCE Overview LANSCE Governance/Management CY2001 Run Cycle Outage progress Summary

Lujan Neutron Scattering Center Weapons Neutron Research Proton Radiography Isotope Production 800 MeV Proton Linear Accelerator LANSCE is a Unique Multidisciplinary Facility for Science and Technology - User Facility Areas UCN Experiment

We are working to follow the November 2000 BESAC review recommendations Provide a single Steward of this facility Develop an adequately-funded, actionable implementation plan for FY2002, sustainable over the period Specify a ramp-up schedule for LANSCE/Lujan to full functional status by FY 2003 Increase the LANSCE/Lujan user base to ~1000 by 2006 Responsibility assigned to NNSA, Executive Council established Completed externally and internally peer-reviewed bottom- up cost estimate for LANSCE Completed as part of cost estimate. Funding increment of $10M in 2003 LANSCE operations budget planned Began process with successful CY2001 operating cycle user visits, 150 unique users RecommendationAction

Los Alamos goal: deliver neutrons and protons safely and reliably for All LANSCE users The LANSCE Mission: Deliver neutrons and protons safely and reliably for all LANSCE users. The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is defined by its high current 800-MeV linear accelerator and its capability of delivering beam to a variety of targets for different scientific purposes. These include the neutron production targets of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center and the Weapons Neutron Research (WNR) facility, an isotope production facility (now under construction), and areas for proton radiography research and for fundamental nuclear science. The complexity of targets and programming sponsors makes LANSCE a challenging facility to manage. The institutional goal is to create a world-class national user facility for all program sponsors and all users. LANL Institutional Goal,

Los Alamos is meeting its commitment to NNSA, SC, and NE for a safe, reliable national user facility Target 4 90L 30L 15L 15R 30R 60R 90R Target 2 120L Weapons Neutron Research Facility Area C Line B Ultra-Cold Neutrons (future) Proton Radiography Area A (inactive) Lujan Center ER-1 Target ER A/B H+ Source H- Source Isotope Production Facility (construction) Drift Tube Linear Accelerator Line D Side-Coupled Linear Accelerator PSR “I want to state my personal commitment to the success of LANSCE and its national user program.” LANL Director John Browne in a letter to Patricia Dehmer and David Crandall 1/4/2001 “…LANSCE will manage each of its major capabilities -- proton radiography, Lujan Center, and WNR - as national user facilities.” James Van Fleet, Director, Office of Defense Science letter to LANSCE Director, 11/28/2001 “…LANSCE is and will be the flagship of Los Alamos and shall be supported as such.” The Los Alamos Senior Executive Team, December 17-19, 2001

Proton Radiography –94% availability for 411 scheduled hours, 466 total hours (20% more than scheduled) –100% beam delivery during dynamic events –Very highly successful experimental program: 36 shots Weapons Neutron Research –92% availability for 2501 scheduled hours –Very highly successful user program: 300 user visits, 36 experiments Lujan Center –91% availability for 2,734 scheduled hours –Beam down times of longer than 8 hours, was outstanding at 1.7% –Beam current at 55 microamperes due to target/moderator problems –Very highly successful user program: 270 user visits, 113 experiments LANSCE met the goals of reliable, predictable operations in CY2001 at 55 microamperes and a successful user program

Lujan scientists accomplished much in the CY2001 Run Cycle Served over 270 users, performed over 113 user experiments with 91% beam delivery reliability and over 95% instrument availability. Commissioned five new scattering instruments and one nuclear science instrument. –SMARTS –HIPPO –PROTEIN –PHAROS (rebuilt) –ASTERIX –DANCE Developed and implemented a new generation of data acquisition and chopper control systems. Actinide Basis for Interim Operations approved by DOE; initiated Plutonium experiments. Lujan Center Materials Science Characterizing Materials Plutonium Science

Scheduled beam availability for the Lujan Center was unprecedented at 91.4% Beam current limited to 55  A because of target reflector cooling problems July December Minutes Current (  A)

Inside the cave, showing detector panels, frame, and sample chamber HIPPO, located on flight path #4, is a high-intensity powder diffractometer optimized for texture measurements Top of HIPPO, looking toward the beam stop, shows the crane, door, and DAQ racks Bob Von Dreele - LANSCE Kristin Bennett - LANSCE Rudy Wenk - UCB 1384 detectors 4.6 m 2

Translator is located in a pit in the cave floor and has a capacity of 3000 lbs SMARTS, located on flight path #2, is a powder diffractometer for materials engineering applications Mark Bourke - LANL-MST David Dunand - Northwestern Ersan Ustundag - CalTech Load frame and furnace set - tension or compression up to 40,000 lbs and temperature up to 1500 o C

The Protein Crystallography instrument, located on flight path #15 will be used for biological applications Experimental cave and beam stop BNL 120º 2-D thermal neutron detector Benno Schoenborn - LANL-B Paul Langan - LANL-B Gail Greene - LANL-B Veljko Radeka - BNL

A Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments - DANCE is being installed at Lujan on Flight Path #14 DANCE Detector Support Neutron capture studies on unstable nuclei for stockpile stewardship and nuclear astrophysics 4  gamma ray detector BaF 2 scintillators Crystal fabrication about 10 per month, complete array in fall, 2002 First beam to flight path on Sept 17, 2001 Partial DANCE array has taken data for (n,  ) experiments on: 171 Tm, 234 U, 242 Pu, and 151 Sm Flight Path 14, Construction complete

A sampling of the science done by Lujan scientists this year High temperature measurement of tool cermet under load reveals partitioning of stress that leads to creep. Protein x-ray crystallography from powder samples, once thought to be impossible, promises rapid advances in proteomics. Work wins cover of Acta Crystallographica D (December 2001). New small-angle scattering studies of high explosives leads to new understanding of segregation of plasticizers in HE aging. Reflectivity study of lung surfactants shows why and how certain peptides affect aggregation; important news for premature newborns and populations under respirable bio-threat agents. Polarized-neutron study of magnetic antidots measures magnetic domain structure factor in high performance disk materials from two-micron lattice. New fluidic high pressure systems commissioned allow hydrostatic pressure studies to 8 Mbar. First neutron scattering studies of methane hydrates at high pressure provide insights into formation of this almost limitless supply of energy from sea beds. Zeolite-rho materials exhibit high chemisorption capacity for hydrocarbons as revealed by neutron spectroscopy. New studies of stresses and texture resulting from Be joining processes provide needed data for weapons production.

A Lujan Scientist showed that protein structure can be solved by scattering from powders Bob Von Dreele, new Fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America This breakthrough overcomes the need to grow large single crystals of proteins—often lengthy, sometimes impossible. Success with synchrotron radiation now being attempted with neutrons.

We made major progress towards establishing a significant user base performing science at Lujan CY1997CY1998CY1999CY2000CY2001 LANSCE User Program Statistics User Visits Unique Users Experiments Run Number 270

2001 Lujan Center run statistics by instrument

2001 Lujan Center user demographics By Age (30 not reporting) By Affiliation

2001 Lujan Center proposal statistics Funding Agency Discipline

Snapshot comparison 1997 vs Lujan Center run cycle

2001 user satisfaction survey results for Lujan Center -- questions 1-12 Response rate as of January 21, 2002: 29% by proposal; 29% by unique user *Negative/positive (yes/no) questions.

A well-planned outage started in December, 2001 and the user program is planned to restart in July, 2002 The outage has a detailed plan and resource-loaded schedule of 2155 prioritized activities Major Tasks are : –Lujan Replacement – Target Moderator system –IPF Beam Line Components –High priority accelerator and facility maintenance and connection of new cooling tower –Switchyard Kicker –Experimental area activities –Lower priority accelerator and facility maintenance, including demolition of three old cooling towers

Work is underway to replace the Lujan Target Moderator Reflector System during the FY2002 outage Beam window and guard ring Beryllium Reflectors Upper Lead Reflector Lower flight path liners and water moderators Service Connections Beam Diagnostic Lower Lead Reflector LH 2 Moderator Upper tungsten target Proton Beam Neutronics design complete Mechanical design substantially complete Procurements underway

Beam delivery to the user facilities will be simplified by installation of a switchyard kicker in the 2003 outage Target 4 90L 30L 15L 15R 30R 60R 90R Target 2 120L Weapons Neutron Research Facility Area C Line B Ultra-Cold Neutrons (future) Proton Radiography Area A (inactive) Lujan Center ER-1 Target ER A/B H+ Source H- Source Isotope Production Facility (construction) Drift Tube Linear Accelerator Line D Side-Coupled Linear Accelerator PSR

Call for Proposals IssuedFebruary 4 Proposals DueMarch 8 Materials Program Advisory April Committee Review Meeting Nuclear Physics Program AdvisoryApril Committee Review Meeting Schedule Published on WebJune 1 User Program StartJuly 1 (tentative) 2002 LANSCE proposal cycle calendar

LANSCE will use a standard 28-day operating cycle with contingency in 2002 based on the successful 2001 cycle MayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember Turn-on Contingency For Turn-on 1L Maintenance Lujan/ WNR User Program Prad, NRS, …. Reserve or Contingency 2002 Outage Incorporated formal change control and contingency allocation process DRAFT LANSCE Operating Schedule for CY2001

Summary The priority for LANSCE within Los Alamos has been strongly supported by Los Alamos Senior Management LANSCE governance model is in place and working With increased planning and a heroic effort from the staff, LANSCE improved the reliability and carried out a successful scientific program Annual outage is underway –No unexpected maintenance or repair issues to date –Lujan Target/Moderator/Reflector system replacement and kicker projects are underway Proposal call completed User program restart scheduled for July, 2002