Clustered fluid a novel state of charged quantum fluid mixtures H. Nykänen, T. Taipaleenmäki and M. Saarela, University of Oulu, Finland F. V. Kusmartsev.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
First Principle Electronic Structure Calculation Prof. Kim Jai Sam ( ) Lab. 공학 ( ) Students : Lee Geun Sik,
Advertisements

LECTURE 2 CONTENTS MAXWELL BOLTZMANN STATISTICS
Happyphysics.com Physics Lecture Resources Prof. Mineesh Gulati Head-Physics Wing Happy Model Hr. Sec. School, Udhampur, J&K Website: happyphysics.com.
Computational Solid State Physics 計算物性学特論 第2回 2.Interaction between atoms and the lattice properties of crystals.
Coulomb Interaction in quantum structures - Effects of
CHAPTER 3 Introduction to the Quantum Theory of Solids
Anderson localization in BECs
Bose-Fermi solid and its quantum melting in a one-dimensional optical lattice Bin Wang 1, Daw-Wei Wang 2, and Sankar Das Sarma 1 1 CMTC, Department of.
Dr. Jie ZouPHY Chapter 43 Molecules and Solids.
Quick and Dirty Introduction to Mott Insulators
Lecture Jan 31,2011 Winter 2011 ECE 162B Fundamentals of Solid State Physics Band Theory and Semiconductor Properties Prof. Steven DenBaars ECE and Materials.
The Nuts and Bolts of First-Principles Simulation
Interference of fluctuating condensates Anatoli Polkovnikov Harvard/Boston University Ehud Altman Harvard/Weizmann Vladimir Gritsev Harvard Mikhail Lukin.
Section 4 -Phase Equilibrium Two-Phase Systems A system is a set of components that are being studied. Within a system, a phase is a region that has the.
Laser Physics I Dr. Salah Hassab Elnaby Lecture(2)
Stringing together the quantum phases of matter Talk online: sachdev.physics.harvard.edu Talk online: sachdev.physics.harvard.edu.
Subir Sachdev Yale University Phases and phase transitions of quantum materials Talk online: or Search for Sachdev on.
Atomic Matter.
Chapter 10 Liquids & Solids
States of Matter Chapter 13. Matter  Let’s get to the heart of it…  The particles are in constant motion.
Chapter 12 Liquids and Solids.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 18 Kinetic Theory of Gases, Chapter 21, Electric Charge, and electric Field HW#3: Chapt 21:Pb1, Pb 12,
1 Scalar Properties, Static Correlations and Order Parameters What do we get out of a simulation? Static properties: pressure, specific heat, etc. Density.
Theory of Intersubband Antipolaritons Mauro F
A change in state is called a phase change Evaporation is the change in state from liquid to gas Sublimation is the change from solid to gas Both deal.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Solid-Liquid Phase Diagram of Argon ZCE 111 Computational Physics Semester Project by Gan Sik Hong (105513) Hwang Hsien Shiung.
Physical Science Matter
III. Atomic Structure A. Components of atoms + - a) electron, e - (negatively charged), -1.6 x C mass = 1/1838 that of a H atom Chapter 3 1.
Gavin W Morley Department of Physics University of Warwick
Non-Fermi liquid vs (topological) Mott insulator in electronic systems with quadratic band touching in three dimensions Igor Herbut (Simon Fraser University,
Surface and Bulk Fluctuations of the Lennard-Jones Clusrers D. I. Zhukhovitskii.
Molecular bonding. Molecular Bonding and Spectra The Coulomb force is the only one to bind atoms. The combination of attractive and repulsive forces creates.
1 Ch Kinetic Molecular Theory. 2 States of Matter State of matter is another physical properties. State of matter is another physical properties.
Chapter 13 States of Matter Read pgs Kinetic Molecular Theory The kinetic molecular theory describes the behavior of gases in terms of particles.
Chapter 11 – Intermolecular Forces, Liquids and Solids Homework: 13, 16, 18, 19, 23, 43, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 55, 56.
ELECTRON AND PHONON TRANSPORT The Hall Effect General Classification of Solids Crystal Structures Electron band Structures Phonon Dispersion and Scattering.
Object of Plasma Physics
Statistical mechanics How the overall behavior of a system of many particles is related to the Properties of the particles themselves. It deals with the.
NCN nanoHUB.org Wagner The basics of quantum Monte Carlo Lucas K. Wagner Computational Nanosciences Group University of California, Berkeley In collaboration.
Matter: Properties and Change. What is Matter? Matter is anything that takes up space and/or has mass. Matter is made up of atoms and molecules.
Drude weight and optical conductivity of doped graphene Giovanni Vignale, University of Missouri-Columbia, DMR The frequency of long wavelength.
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS From reality to simulation and back A roundtrip ticket.
Fundamentals of DFT R. Wentzcovitch U of Minnesota VLab Tutorial Hohemberg-Kohn and Kohn-Sham theorems Self-consistency cycle Extensions of DFT.
Hψ = E ψ Hamiltonian for the H atom. The wave function is usually represented by ψ.
Inverse melting and phase behaviour of core-softened attractive disks
Physics “Advanced Electronic Structure” Lecture 1. Theoretical Background Contents: 1. Historical Overview. 2. Basic Equations for Interacting Electrons.
Atoms in Combination: The Chemical Bond Chapter 10 Great Idea: Atoms bind together in chemical reactions by the rearrangement of electrons.
Non-Fermi Liquid Behavior in Weak Itinerant Ferromagnet MnSi Nirmal Ghimire April 20, 2010 In Class Presentation Solid State Physics II Instructor: Elbio.
6th Grade Science Matter. Anything that has a mass and a volume Molecules are in constant motion.
Interacting Molecules in a Dense Fluid
Structural Determination of Solid SiH 4 at High Pressure Russell J. Hemley (Carnegie Institution of Washington) DMR The hydrogen-rich solids are.
BASICS OF SEMICONDUCTOR
Back to basics The three fundamental units G, c, ћ are sufficient to describe all the quantities that appear in physics. They are.
©D.D. Johnson and D. Ceperley MSE485/PHY466/CSE485 1 Scalar Properties, Static Correlations and Order Parameters What do we get out of a simulation?
4 Excitons 4.1 The concept of excitons 4.2 Free excitons 4.3 Free excitons in external fields 4.4 Free excitons at high densities 4.5 Frenkel excitons.
D. Jin JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado $ NIST, NSF Using a Fermi gas to create Bose-Einstein condensates.
Superconductivity and Superfluidity Temperature scales Lecture 14.
The 3 States of Matter. Kinetic Theory : Concepts for “States” of Matter All atoms and molecules are always in Motion Molecules in solids, liquids and.
The behavior of gases in motion is described by the kinetic molecular theory. Kinetic molecular theory:  gases are small particles, separated by empty.
Functional Integration in many-body systems: application to ultracold gases Klaus Ziegler, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg in collaboration with.
Comp. Mat. Science School Electrons in Materials Density Functional Theory Richard M. Martin Electron density in La 2 CuO 4 - difference from sum.
Tunable excitons in gated graphene systems
BEC-BCS cross-over in the exciton gas
5.3 Properties of Matter Our goals for learning
DO NOW Pick up notes. Get out yesterday’s notes.
Electronic Structure and First Principles Theory
The States of Matter.
Dirac Line Nodes in Inversion Symmetric Crystals C. L. Kane & A. M
CHAPTER 12 Liquids and Solids.
Presentation transcript:

Clustered fluid a novel state of charged quantum fluid mixtures H. Nykänen, T. Taipaleenmäki and M. Saarela, University of Oulu, Finland F. V. Kusmartsev Loughborough University, U.K. E. Krotscheck Johannes Keppler Universität, Linz, Austria

Mixture of electrons and holes  Electron- hole liquid  and excitons. What is the structure of the system at densities between the liquid and gas? Positrons embedded into metals and semiconductors. What happens at the Mott’s metal-insulator transition? Mixture of electrons and protons  Liquid metallic hydrogen and atomic crystal. Does the crystal melt into clustered liquid? Mixture of charged particles

Electrons and holes At high densities they condensate into electron-hole liquid, if the degeneracy is high enough. At low densities they bind together into excitons, trions, bi-excitons and perhaps polyexcitons and form a gas. Is there a stable phase in between the liquid and gas?

Phase diagram of the mixture of electrons and holes in Silicon Smith and Wolfe, Phys. Rev. B (1995) Kulakovskii, Kukushkin and Timofeev, Sov. Phys. JETP 51, 191 (1980)

Total energy per electron in Germanium and Silicon Total energy/exciton as a function of r s from the present theory. Results for the stressed and fully isotropic, non-degenerate bands are also shown. The location of the minimum agrees well with experiments.

Instability indicating charged electron-hole clusters At the critical density the sound velocity drops sharply. The electron-electron component of the distribution function grows a peak near the critical density

EHL in narrow Si/SiO 2 channels Experiments by Pauc, Calvo, Eymery, Fournel and Magnea, PRL (2004)

Phase diagram of electrons mixed with positively charged particles at T=0

and is the Slater determinant to insure the Fermionic nature. Variational theory of quantum fluids The Hamiltonian of the mixture of N a + N b =N particles with the two-body interaction V  (|r i – r j |) and masses m  of the particles in the mixture. The variational wave function is based on the Jastrow type correlations.

Optimal correlations Diagrammatic hypernetted summations are needed to calculate distribution functions and we use the single loop approximation to include the Fermionic character. Search for the optimal correlation function by minimizing the expectation value

Euler equation for mixtures S is the structure function H 1 is the free particle kinetic energy S F is the free Fermion structure function, which contains degeneracy factors and anisotropy V p-h is the particle-hole interaction between pairs of particles, which is the self-consistent result of the many-body calculation. This leads to a 2x2 matrix equation for the static structure function

Over-screened Coulomb interaction in the simple one impurity limit The electron-hole interaction for a single hole impurity in excitonic units The effective interaction between two hole impurities

Effective interactions in the electron-hole mixture in the electron-electron and electron-hole channels

Positrons Annihilation rates in the metallic region V. Apaja, S. Denk and E. Krotscheck; Phys. Rev. B (2003) Radial distribution functions for r s =1,2,…9 The system becomes unstable when r s ≈9.4 Positrons are embedded into metals and semiconductors. From the annihilation one can study the electronic structure of the system.

Mott instability In the charged Bose gas we find the bound state by studying the that the scattering phase shift. Correlation energies by Apaja, Denk, Krotscheck. Red curve, present work with bosonic electrons.

Protons and electrons At low densities and room temperatures they form a molecular gas, which solidifies at zero temperature into an insulating, molecular crystal. By increasing the pressure (or density) molecular crystal undergoes a series of phase transitions and may even melt into clustered liquid before it forms an atomic crystal. Even further increase of the pressure melts the atomic crystal into the liquid metallic hydrogen.

Simulations by Bonev, Schwegler, Ogitsu and Galli, Nature 431 (2004) Melt curve of hydrogen predicted from first principles MD. The filled circles are experimental data and the open squares are measurements from Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, (2003). Triangles indicate two-phase simulations where solidification (up) or melting (down) have been observed, and bracketed melting temperatures (Tm) are presented by open circles. Snapshots from two-phase MD simulations at P=130 GPa and temperatures. below and above the melting temperature. Molecules are coloured according to the arrangement of their nearest neighbours, representing configurations uniquely characteristic of the h.c.p. solid and liquid

The phase diagram of the proton electron mixture in the temperature pressure plane. The phase diagram of the proton electron mixture in the pressure - temperature plane The phase diagram of the proton electron mixture in the temperature pressure plane Log P [GPa] Log T [K] Electron Proton Plasma Electron Proton Liquid Molecular Liquid Molecular Solid Proton Solid Clustered liquid

Liquid-solid instability in the liquid metallic hydrogen The proton-proton component of the distribution and structure functions in the liquid metallic hydrogen.

Conclusions Positron binds a cluster of electrons at the Mott transition. A new kind of clustered liquid phase appears in the electron-hole mixture Electron-proton clusters with weakly metallic properties can appear at low temperatures and high densities.

From The interior of Jupiter by Guillot, Stevenson, Hubbard and Saumon