Do Now Take a “Do Now” Sheet from the stool upfront and answer the following in complete sentences. Why do you think a war would be called the French and Indian War? What does the word alliance mean? Give an example of somebody in an alliance with you.

1700s  British and French were rivals  Originally, only French were in North America  French had better relationship with Native Americans  Traded fur with Native Americans  Mid 1700s, British started to show interest (set up power in eastern coast North America)  Why? Triangular trade!  To protect their territories, French built forts at key areas  British responded by starting to build a fort near Pittsburgh, PA  French took it and called it Fort Duquesne

Fort Necessity

1754  Virginia’s governor sent a militia to drive the French out of his territory  Led by Lt. Colonel George Washington  Militia set up a small fort near Fort Duquesne  Called Fort Necessity  French and Native Americans attacked it and forced the militia to surrender  Would later be released

Fort Necessity

Albany  British colonial delegates met in Albany, New York  Called the Albany Congress  Key delegate: Ben Franklin  Proposed Albany Plan of Union = suggested each colony gives up some power to create a united colonial government  Albany Plan was rejected because colonies did not want to give up power  Meanwhile, France and Britain were involved in a full scale war!

French And Indian War

Alliances  Both sides wanted Native American support  French got most of the tribes  Due to trade and religious reasons  Biggest group of Native Americans (Iroquois Confederacy) stayed neutral  British vs. French and Native Americans

Do Now How would you react if after someone helped you they started giving you a ton of new rules and chores? If you lived in England during the time of the French and Indian War, how do you think you would react to the concerns of the colonists?

War!  French and Indian War was part of a war taking place over in Europe  French dominated early parts of the war  Native Americans carried out raids on colonists  Burned crops, killed colonists, destroyed farmhouses  Turning point in the war, William Pitt became Prime Minister of the British Government (1757)  Sent more troops and aid to the colonies to stop French  To afford the costs of war, Pitt knew taxes would have to be raised on the colonists

Victory!  French capital in the colonies = Quebec  Sat on the edge of a cliff above the St. Lawrence River  British scouts found a weakly guarded area  General Wolfe’s troops overwhelmed the French guards and marched up the path  British Army surprised French at the “Plains of Abraham” and Quebec fell  Though both General Wolfe and French General Montcalm both died during the battle

Peace  War in Europe ended with the Treaty of Paris (1763)  France gave most colonial lands EAST of the Mississippi River and Canada to Great Britain  Great Britain also got Florida from Spain  Spain was an ally of France in the European War  France was no longer a power in North America

Proclamation Act of 1763  Native Americans lost their key trade partner (French)  1763 Native Americans were killing colonists in Pontiac’s War  King George of Britain told colonists they cannot live WEST of the Appalachian Mountains  Called the Proclamation of 1763 and the colonists were not happy  British now kept troops enforce it  Proclamation decreased conflicts between colonists and Native Americans

Colonists React  Colonists thought Proclamation Act limited their freedom of movement  Believed that the increase of British forces in the colonies would interfere with their liberties  As an overall result, colonists started to distrust Great Britain  But colonists were still loyal to the British

Britain’s Piggy Bank  War cost the British a lot of money  To help pay for the war, British raised taxes on the colonies  Led to increased feuds between the colonies and British Government