Learning about language

Meaning for multi- words multicultural multicolored multinational multimedia multistory multichannel including many cultures made of many colors including many nations using many media having many stories having many channels

More words formed using multi- multiform multitrack Multifaith Multimember existing in many forms made of many tracks including many religions/faiths made of many members/people

Meaning for -wards words eastward(s) forward(s) upward(s) outward(s) downward(s) backward(s) to the east ahead, to the front to higher position/level out, in a direction away to lower position/level to the rear, to the back

Meaning for -wards words westward(s) southward(s) northward(s) inward(s) toward(s) to the west to the south to the north to the inside in a direction to

Answer key for Exercise 2: 1. baggage 2. minister 3. quiz 4. chat 5. aboard 6. scenery 7. slightly 8. surround

同位语从句 1. 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词如 idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等的后面，用 以说明或解释该名词的具体内容。如 : The news that his heath is failing made us sad. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.

2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说 明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开， 以使整个句子结构显得平衡。如： He got the news from Mary that the meeting was put off. Word came that Hussein had been captured.

3. 同位语从句通常由 that 引导，但 that 不在从句中充当成分，也不能省略； 同位语从句也可以由 whether, when, where, how 等引导。如： They raised the question where we should go.

4. 引导同位语从句表示 “ 是否 ” 时，只能 用 whether 而不用 if 。 5. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： ①从词类上区别：同位语从句前面的名 词只能是 idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion 等；而定语从句的先行词 可以是名词、代词，也可以是整个句 子。

②从性质上区别：同位语从句是名词 性从句，其作用相当于一个名词， 是对前面的名词作进一步解释、说 明；定语从句的作用相当于一个形 容词，用来修饰前面的名词、代词 或句子。

③从引导词及其在句中的成分上区别 : 有些引 导词如 how, whether 等可以引导同位语从 句, 但不能引导定语从句。定语从句的引导 词均在从句中充当特定的句子成分。如 : I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother. (that 引导同位语从句，对 fact 进行 说明, that 不充当句子成分。 ) I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me. (that 引导定语从句, 对 fact 进行限定， that 在从句中充当宾语。 )

I. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从 句和同位语从句完整。 1. This is the mountain village _____ I stayed last year. 2. I’ll never forget the days _____ I worked together with you. 3. Please pass me the book _____ cover is green. where when whose

4. Is this the reason ____ he refused our offer? 5. The person to _____ you spoke is a famous actor. 6. She sat on the corner of the table near the door by _____ her husband always entered. 7. The white flower is the only one ____ I really like. why whom which that

8. The news was very exciting ___ our class had won the football match. 9. They are familiar with the opinion ____ all matter consists of atoms. 10. The question ___________________ we shall have a meeting hasn’t been decided. 11. They told the policeman the fact ___ they had nothing to do with the murder. that where / when / whether that

12. All agreed to his suggestion ___ a bridge across the river be built. 13. The question ____ should do the work requires consideration. 14. This is our only request ___ this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 15. Word came ___ our Chinese women team had beaten Japanese. that who that

1. 我不知道怎样到达火车站。 I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 2. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. II. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。

3. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。 People used to hold the opinion that the earth was the center of the universe. 4. 没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事 实感到高兴。 No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.

5. 我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 The question when we will start the work is not decided ．

1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why A A III. Choose the correct answer.

3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it B B

5. I have no idea ____ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D./ 6. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether D. which B A

7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that 8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether C. that D. what D C

9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease. A. that B. as C. of which D. which A

10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when 11. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that A B

11. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether B

13. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which 14. Do you have any idea ___ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. which D B

15. One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right. A. that B. what that C. that what D. whether that 引导同位语从句，补充说明 view; what 引导主语从句并在同位 语从句中作主语。 C

16. A story goes ____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (04, 上海 ) A. when B. where C. what D. that D

17. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. (04, 上海 ) A. which B. that C. what D. whether B

18. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ___ road conditions need ____. (03, 上海 ) A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving A

19. There is a feeling in me _____ we’ll never know what a UFO is—not never. A. that B. which C. of which D. what A

20. I have no idea ____ we can spend our holiday. A. where B. which C. that D. what A

21. The news ____ he told us yesterday is not true, but the news ____ our team has won the match is true. A. /; that B. that; / C. that; which D. that; who A

22. The question occurred to me ____ the book was worth reading. A. what B. whether C. which D. if B

Thank you!