Citations

Why do we cite? To give credit for others’ ideas So that other people can find our sources So they can check the accuracy of facts So they can use our sources in their own research Just because somebody put their research/writing on the internet doesn’t mean that it’s right for you to copy it.

When do we cite? When using a direct quote When paraphrasing another author’s work When referencing someone else’s opinion When using a fact that is not common knowledge The only time you should not be citing a source is when discussing something that is common knowledge or your own opinion.

In Text Citations The citation or the sentence should always include the author or title of the source, the year of publication, and a page number At the end of a sentence where you’ve used a source, insert a citation before the period According to the article, “a potential cause of depression in teens is academic pressure to perform well in high school and to be admitted to college ” (Bloom, 2001, 21). Author is the default, title should only be used if there is no author If the source has no year, use n.d. (Bloom, n.d.) If there are no page numbers, skip the page number completely (Bloom, 2001) The author or title should correspond to the entry in your Works Cited page so readers can find it easily

Making a References Page Double space the entire sheet Organize the entries alphabetically The word References should always appear, centered, at the top of the page

Citing Books Author, A. (Date of Publication). Title of book. Place of Publication: Publisher. Salinger, J.D.. (1951). The catcher in the rye. New York: Little Brown and Company. Clark, J. (2006). Eyewitness history: The gilded age. New York: Facts on File.

Citing an Article in a Reference Book Author, A.(Year of publication). Title of article. In A. Editor, Title of book (pages of chapter). Location: Publisher. Williams, W. (2009). Psychology. In J. Smith, Encyclopedia Brittanica ( ). New York: Oxford University Press. (2002). Psychology. In M. Wilson History of Modern Science and Mathematics. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Citing Academic Journal Articles Author, A. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page range. Burgess, A. (1967). Politics in the novels of Graham Greene. Literature and Society, 2(2), Williams, T. (2011). Evolutionary psychology. Scientific American, 34(5),

Citing Websites Author, A. (Date of publication including day and month if available). Title of document. Retrieved from How to make vegetarian chili. (n.d.). Retrieved from ml/ ml/ Angeli, E., & Wagner, J. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from /01/

Where to Go for Reminders The OWL: Cornell U. Library: Noodle Tools Express Citation Generator Or you can look in a book! We have plenty of APA handbooks just waiting to be taken out!

Questions?