Types of Software Module 5.12

Types of Software User Interface Operating Systems Utilities: Translators (Assemblers, Compliers, Interpreters) Drivers Application Software Programming Languages? Is this software?

Operating Systems A program or suite of programs that control the entire operation of the computer. Deals with the basic functions of the computer. At a technical level, it handles the basic and central functions such as input and output operations and interrupts. Examples include: MS-DOS, UNIX, Windows 7, LINUX, Android, Mac OS, Ubuntu

User Interfaces Methods by which the user can interface with the operating system/application Command line Dialog boxes Menus Windows

Utilities Designed to perform a commonplace task, for example the transfer of data from one storage device to another, sorting a set of data, disk editor. They are designed to make the operation of the computer easier. Other examples: formatting programs, backup programs, anti-virus, etc.

Translation Programs which convert a program from one language to another, for example from low level language to machine code. This is the general name for three types of translators: Assemblers Compilers Interpreters

Application Generic Tailor-Made Off-the-shelf Cross over between categories: Generic is off-the-shelf Programming languages can be off-the-shelf and used to create tailor-made software

Generic These are off-the-shelf packages which do not meet a specific purpose but serve a general purpose For example: Microsoft Office; Word Processors, Spreadsheets, Databases Photoshop OpenOffice.Org The software can then be customised to produce the result you want.

Tailor-Made Either: Or: Bespoke Customisation The application is written for the purpose by a software house Disads: Time consuming, expensive, limited support/books. Ads: Fulfils purpose, individual support Or: Customisation A generic application is customised using a programming language Disads: Need to purchase the application and you get more than required. Ads: Cheaper, lots of support.

Off-the-Shelf Purchasing solutions from a shop without alteration For example: Microsoft Office Adobe CS6 (Creative Suite) The idea is to be able to open the package and run the software which delivers a specific solution Can be generic (word processors)

Programming Languages There are a variety of programming languages available. Each language has a specific purpose FORTRAN – Formula Translation Mathematical and Scientific COBOL – Common Business Orientated Language Business, Data Processing Languages can also be used to enhance the application: Use of VBA to write macros, or write dll’s