Definitions of Poverty Absolute Standard Cost of Food Budget Times 3 $19,971 for a Family of Four $10,160 for a Single Person Median Income = $46,326 (2005)

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Poverty in the US Who is considered to be living in poverty? 2010 Poverty Thresholds, Selected Family Types Single Individual Under 65 years$ 11,

Advertisements

Poverty and Economic Inequality

1 VITA at Colgate: The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) VITA Presentation Nicole Simpson January 2013.

Table 9-1. Chapter Outline: Poverty and Political Economy of Welfare (Kerbo, p. 254) A Brief History of Poverty in America Counting the Poor The Extent.

18 Income Distribution and Poverty  How much inequality and poverty exist in our society?  What policies are used to fight poverty?  What are the problems.

Copyright 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies Income Inequality and Poverty.

Poverty: Facts, Causes and Consequences Hilary Hoynes University of California, Davis California Symposium on Poverty October 2009.

Regarding the income distribution in the United States, we have: 0 of Too much inequality 2. Just the right amount of inequality 3. Not enough inequality.

Poverty, Welfare, and Women Chapter 12. Measuring Poverty Absolute Measure of Poverty –People living below a certain threshold Relative Income Poverty.

A Few Facts 1.Federal spending in FY 2000 and 2001 as a percent of GDP is the lowest since Federal government spending (not including social security,

Poverty & Human Capability 101 Introductory Class.

Government Subsidies and Income Support for the Poor

Prepared by The Brookings Welfare Reform & Beyond Initiative, August 2005 Welfare Reform & Beyond The Brookings Institution Poverty, Income, and Health.

US Government Programs to Reduce Social and Economic Inequality Describe two of the main US Government programs that aim to reduce social and economic.

Introduction to Family Studies Families, the State & Social Policy.

Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2005 Facts About Income Inequality The Lorenz Curve Causes of Income Inequality Trends in Income Inequality Equality.

1 Chapter 12 Income Distribution, Poverty, and Discrimination Key Concepts Summary Practice Quiz Internet Exercises ©2002 South-Western College Publishing.

Chapter 20 Income Inequality, Poverty, and Discrimination

Treasurer’s National Press Club Address 11 May 2005.

SOCIAL WELFARE POLICYMAKING. Social Welfare Policies Provide benefits to individuals Based on either Entitlement (regardless of need; Social Security/Medicare)

The Lorenz Curve Warm Up: What are three jobs that get high paying salaries? What are three jobs that get low paying salaries/wages?

Government and Households Chapter 9 What makes poor ‘poor’? What should government do?

Copyright 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies 20-1 Facts About Income Inequality Causes of Income Inequality Equality Versus Efficiency The Economics of Poverty.

Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002 Facts About Income Inequality The Lorenz Curve Causes of Income Inequality Trends in Income Inequality Equality.

 Poverty = when a person’s income and resources to not allow him/her to achieve a minimum standard of living  Minimum standard varies from country to.

The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C. Overview of the 1996 Welfare Reform Law: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program Reduction.

Figure 6.1: Hypothetical transition matrix The Economics of Immigration, by Bansak, Simpson & Zavodny ©2015 Child’s position in income distribution Father’s.

Timebanking and Poverty: Creating Abundance in a Challenged Economy.

Examine the major social problems that federal welfare programs are designed to alleviate. 1. Poverty: Family of four (2006) 20,614 The official poverty.

Family Sociology Families, the State & Social Policy Professor Connie Gager.

So What do we look like. Who are the Poor? In 2010, 15.1 percent of all persons lived in poverty. Approximately 47 million or 1 in 7 In 2010, 15.1 percent.

Providing a Safety Net. The Poverty Problem The wealth has spread unevenly throughout society as the free market has generated wealth. Some people are.

Using Refundable Tax Credits to Help Low- income Taxpayers Tax Expenditures and Public Policy in Comparative Perspective Osgoode Hall Law School Toronto,

10/27/20151 Introduction to Family Studies Welfare Reform.

Chapter 18Copyright ©2009 by South-Western, a division of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1 ECON Designed by Amy McGuire, B-books, Ltd. 18 CHAPTER.

Providing a Safety Net. Why Households Differ One of the main reasons why household income differs is because the number of household members who work.

Families & Poverty Introduction to Family Studies.

Chapter 27 Income Inequality and Poverty. Facts Income Inequality Income Inequality million (14.3%) in poverty million (14.3%) in.

Income Inequality, Poverty, and Discrimination Chapter 20 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Standard of Living vs. Quality of Life Disparity between the Nations of the World.

1 Chapter 14 Income Distribution © 2003 South-Western College Publishing.

Domestic Policy Mr. Stroman AP Government. Social Welfare Domestic policy is often more contentious than economic policy, because it gets to the essence.

Chapter 7 Poverty and Discrimination: Why Are So Many Still Poor? Copyright © 2010 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Visit UMT online at Page 1 of 22 Chapter 14, ECON125 Version © 2007 Thomson South-Western © 2009 UMT Economics for Managers University.

Chapter 21 Income Inequality, Poverty, and Discrimination Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution.

Why do we have programs like food stamps and Medicaid? Are they necessary? Why or why not? Call to Order.

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR FAMILIES AND INDIVIDUALS. 1. Most government programs providing benefits for citizens were developed during the NEW DEAL (Franklin.

Families & Poverty Introduction to Family Studies.

3/8/20161 Family Sociology Welfare Reform. 3/8/20162 Families & Poverty  The percentage living below poverty has changed little over the past 20 years.

Welfare and Education Policy: Providing for Personal Security and Need Chapter 16.

Economic Challenges Chapter 13 Section 3 Poverty.

McGraw-Hill/Irwin Chapter 11: Income Inequality and Poverty Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

The Welfare State and Redistribution. Figure 1. Welfare State Size and Income Redistribution. Percent Change in Gini, after taxes and transfers. Ca

 Public assistance and welfare services, including:  Temporary assistance for needy families  Medical assistance  Maternal and child health services.

Using Refundable Tax Credits to Help Low- income Taxpayers by Jon Forman Alfred P. Murrah Professor of Law University of Oklahoma Norman, Oklahoma Tax.

Welfare Programs May 3, TANF Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) is a federal block grant program that provides temporary financial assistance.

1 Law and Economic Justice Jon Forman Alfred P. Murrah Professor of Law University of Oklahoma Central Oklahoma Association of Legal Assistants Oklahoma.

Poverty and the Distribution of Income. Poverty Rates 14.3% of the population (43.6 million Americans) live in poverty (2009)  25% of African-Americans.

2010 Poverty Thresholds, Selected Family Types

Social Welfare Policymaking

Overview of Income Redistribution Programs

21 C H A P T E R INCOME INEQUALITY AND POVERTY.

Chapter 18: Social Safety Nets

32 Income Inequality and Poverty.

: The Laissez – Faire Era The gov’t assumes no role in helping the poor Late 1800’s – Social Darwinism “blames the victim” for poverty,

Social Welfare Policymaking

Welfare and Education Policy: Providing for Personal Security and Need

2006 Rank Adjusted for Purchasing Power

Chapter 12 Income Distribution, Poverty, and Discrimination

Presentation transcript:

Definitions of Poverty Absolute Standard Cost of Food Budget Times 3 $19,971 for a Family of Four $10,160 for a Single Person Median Income = $46,326 (2005) 2005: 37 million people (12.6%) Relative Standard (European Union) 50% of the Median Income World Bank Extreme Poverty = $1 per day (1.1 billion) Moderate Poverty = $1 to $2 per day (1.6 billion)

Poverty Thresholds for 2005 One Person Under 65 $10,160 One Adult, One Child $13,461 Two Adults, No Children $13,078 One Adult, Two Children $15,735 Two Adults, Two Children $19,806 Two Adults Three Children $23,307 Nine People $40,288

Definitions of Poverty Absolute Standard Cost of Food Budget Times 3 $19,971 for a Family of Four $10,160 for a Single Person Median Income = $46,326 (2005) 2005: 37 million people (12.6%) Relative Standard (European Union) 50% of the Median Income World Bank Extreme Poverty = $1 per day (1.1 billion) Moderate Poverty = $1 to $2 per day (1.6 billion)

Poverty Rates Over Time Absolute Standard Relative Standard % 25% % 21% % %

Poverty Rates 1959 to 2003

Poverty Rates Absolute(2004) Relative(2000) All People 12.6% 21.1% Ethnicity White 10.8% 15.7% Black 24.6% 35.5% Asian 9.9% 18.9% Hispanic 21.8% 37.0% Native American 25.9% NA Age Under % 18 to % 65 and up 10.5% Family Type Married Couple 5.6% 12.7% Married With Children 6.9% 14.2% Female Headed with Children 35.3% 52.6% Unrelated 18.9% 34.1% Education (Age 25+) Less than High School 22.2% 42.6% High School 9.2% 19.7% Some College 5.9% 13.4% College Graduate 3.2% 6.4% Citizenship Native 12.0% 20.2% Naturalized Citizen 10.2% 19.7% Not a Citizen 21.6% 34.4%

International Comparisons 50% of the Median Income Total Population Children Australia (1994) 14.3% 15.8% Austria (2000) 7.7% 7.8% Belgium (2000) 8.0% 6.7% Canada (2000) 11.4% 14.9% Denmark (1992) 7.2% 5.0% Finland (2000) 5.4% 2.8% France (1994) 8.0% 7.9% Germany (2000) 8.3% 9.0% Italy (2000) 12.7% 16.6% Mexico (2002) 20.2% 24.8% Netherlands (1999) 7.3% 9.8% Spain (2000) 14.3% 16.1% Sweden (2000) 6.5% 4.2% Switzerland (2002) 7.6% 6.7% Taiwan (2000) 9.1% 8.0% United Kingdom (1999) 12.4% 15.3% United States (2000) 17.0% 21.9%

Distribution of Income Percent of Income Lowest Quintile 3.4% 4.0% Second Quintile 8.7% 10.8% Third Quintile 14.8% 17.3% Fourth Quintile 23.4% 24.2% Top Quintile 49.8% 43.8% Top 5% 22.4% 17.5%

Gini Index United States Germany France United Kingdon Canada Austria Belgium Denmark Ireland Netherlands Norway Sweden Switzerland

Distribution of Wealth Bottom 40% 0.3% 0.9% 3rd 20% 3.9% 5.2% 4 th 20% 11.3% 12.3% Top 20% 84.4% 81.3% Top 5% 59.2% Top 1% 33.4%

Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) 1. Recipients a. Single mothers with children b. In California, also two-parent families if the main earner is unemployed c. Income is below a certain amount 2. Benefits for a mother with 2 children and no other income a. 1996: $565 per month b. 2001: $645 per month c. Declined $0.30 for every dollar earned working d. Also eligible for Food Stamps and Medicaid and possibly Rent Supplements 3. Numbers as of 1996 a. 2.6 million people in California; 12.9 million people nationally b. Perhaps ¼ of recipients collected for 10 years or more 4. Perverse Incentives a. Incentive not to work b. Incentive for fathers not to pay child support c. Incentive for single mothers to live separately from their own parents d. Incentive for more out-of-wedlock births

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of New Name: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families – TANF (Cal Works) 2. The recipient can collect benefits for no more than two years. The two years is to be used to get ready for employment. The recipient can collect benefits for no more than five years in a lifetime. 3. Characteristics of Recipients 40% had failed to finish high school 75% were in the bottom 25% on aptitude tests 4. Numbers receiving assistance fell from 1996 to 2001 a. Americans: from 12.9 million to 5.3 million b. Californians: from 2.6 million to 1.2 million c. Percent of Americans fell from 4.5% to 1.9% 5. Gain from working rather than being on welfare: $2,000 per year in 1986 and $7,100 per year in Employment Rates of Single Mothers: 60% in % in 1999