Crimea Konek Day From reading to writing - how to be noticed in the world of scientific publishing '

Outline World of Research: what are the drivers and trends from global perspective How to be noticed in the world of scientific publishing: using the trends to your benefit Publishing with BMJ

“Science is not a luxury which is the preserve of developed countries... Technology and innovation are key to achieving long-term economic and social development. Science and innovation are recognised the world over as crucial to economic competitiveness.” The Royal Society: Knowledge, Networks and Nations, 2011 Research is pivotal to economic growth and addressing societal challenges

Spending on R&D – OECD countries* Indexed values; 100 = Spend in 1981 * $PPP, 2000 constant currencies Source: OECD, Battelle Annual growth: +4% (real) Global R&D spending: $1.2 trillion in 2010 The world of research is large and growing

Source: OECD Developed markets include US, Japan, and EU27 Developing markets include China and S. Korea Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) as % of GDP - Total GERD as % of GDP – Developed Markets GERD as % of GDP – Developing Markets R&D spending as % of GDP has been relatively stable in developed markets, and is increasing in developing ones

Governments protecting R&D funding

Number of researchers – OECD countries Indexed values; 100 = Number of researchers in 1981 Source: OECD; ISI; Scopus Annual growth: +4% Global number of researchers: 7 million in 2010 Number of research articles published Indexed values; 100 = Number of articles in 1981 Annual growth: +4% Number of research articles: >1.5 million in 2010 Annual growth: +3-4% Growth in R&D spending drives number of researchers and research activity

Source: Elsevier analysis, Scopus Growth in research inputs drives growth in research outputs

Research outputs; quantity and quality Source: Eastern Europe www.scimagojr.com

How to be noticed in the world of scientific publishing ? Research publishing circle Interdisciplinarity International collaboration Emerging markets Data intensity Role of publishers

Usage (FTA) / Cited references Input (Usage) 11 Read Cite Output Articles / Dissertations / Patents / Reports Publish Direct Outcome s Usage (FTA) / # of times cited Get Read Get Cited 11 From reading to writing – research publishing circle

Science is becoming more global and more complex Science is becoming more global and more complex 1. Interdisciplinarity 2. Collaboration & Mobility 2. Collaboration & Mobility 4. Data intensity 3. Emerging Markets Four trends continue to increase the value of research information

Global research is becoming more and more interdesciplinary Modern technologies are cross disciplinary Books are usually more interdisciplinary than journals Research analytical tools on the market trace interdisciplinary research fields for institutions and countries Interdisciplinary research attracts more funding Articles resulting from interdisciplinary research receive more citations Interdisciplinarity: Increases output Increases quality Stimulates big discoveries Trend 1: Research is increasingly interdisciplinary

Source: BIS - International Comparative Performance of the UK Research Base 2011 Percentage of internationally co-authored articles increased from 26% in 1996 over 40% in International collaboration drives: Quality via increased number of citations Subsequent growth of international visibility “Collaboration enhances the quality of research, improves its efficiency and effectiveness, and is increasingly necessary as the scale of budgets and research challenges grow” - The Royal Society, 2011 Trend 2: Research is increasingly internationally collaborative Share of internationally co-authored articles

Drivers Developed economies need to use research results and collaborate Russian growth rate was positive over the last 5 years, but publication share has declined Trend 3: Emerging markets are rapidly growing their research activity Source: BIS - International Comparative Performance of the UK Research Base 2011

Very high importance, very high satisfaction High importance, low satisfaction Ease of access Importance of access According to the study researchers value research articles and experimental data as very important. However they would like to have access to experimental data as easily as to articles. Trend 4: Research is increasingly data intensive Source: Publisher Research Council – Global Access vs. Importance Study (3,823 researcher respondents)

Each year 3 million articles submitted 300,000 peer reviewers 1.5 million articles published 30 million readers 2 billion digital article downloads 30 million article citations Great scientific publishing world STM publishers register, review, disseminate and preserve research outputs

How to be noticed in the world of scientific publishing ? Research publishing circle: read more, write better! Interdisciplinarity: think broader! International collaboration: stay open! Emerging markets: don’t miss the rising stars! Data intensity: look for reliable data sources! Role of publishers: keep on submitting!

Publishing with BMJ choosing a journal responding to reviewers appealing reporting research writing papers publication ethics

How to choose a journal: what to consider journal scope, reach, & readers indexed, peer reviewed Impact Factor ** open access or not? and... rejection rate time to decision; time to publication article length restrictions charges: OA publication fees, pages, colour ** Impact factor is used as a measure of the academic usefulness of a journal IF = recorded number of citations in a year (eg 2010) to scholarly articles in the journal in preceding two years (eg 2008 and 2009) BMJ 2012 IF 17.2

Pre-submission inquiries Always consider inquiring when you’re: unsure about suitability for the journal seeking rapid review/publication wanting to explain special circumstances Provide sufficient study information: article abstract perceived value to journal audience relationship of study to existing body of work

What does The BMJ prioritise? Original, robust research studies that can improve Doctors’ decision making in medical practice, policy, education, or future research and will be important to general medical readers internationally The BMJ’s purpose: “Answering questions; questioning answers”

The BMJ’s peer review process Up to 4000 annually 3000 rejected 1000 for open review 500 then rejected 500 with Editor and adviser, statistician, BMJ team 4-7% with Open access No word limits BMJ pico Editorials Screen Research submitted External review Editorial meeting Accept

(Very) open peer review, at BMJ Open Peer reviewers’ signed comments and authors’ responses available for all published papers

Be confident at resubmission Most reviewers & editors want to be helpful Follow journal instructions Address all comments; but need not agree with all Avoid easy fixes/shortcuts If rejected; tell next journal how you addressed reviewers’ comments

Authors’ submission toolkit CMRO Aug 2010;26;8:

Misconduct Fabrication: making up data or results and recording or reporting them Falsification: manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record Plagiarism: the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit US Office of Research Integrity

Incomplete reporting is misconduct: The BMJ requires authors’ declaration Transparency declaration The lead author* affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained. *The manuscript’s guarantor.

Plagiarism detection software: used by many journals

Committee on Publication Ethics: advises editors of >5000 journals

Nobody said it’s going to be easy!

Igor Hundziak Sales Manager Easter Europe, Russia & DACH Academic & Corporate Subscription Sales Time for questions !