The Renaissance as the bridge between the medieval and the modern world THE RENAISSANCE REVIEW.

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The Renaissance as the bridge between the medieval and the modern world THE RENAISSANCE REVIEW

MEDIEVAL WORLD RENAISSANCE WORLD philosophy:scholasticism.humanism. economics:manorialism. barter economy. merchant princes of Italy. money economy. beginnings of Commercial Revolution. politics:feudalism.city-states of Northern Italy. rise of modern nation-states in Northern Europe. the arts:stylized, religious themes. harmony, balance, proportion. modelled after ancient Greece and Rome. classicism revised. religion:domination of Catholic Church. individual interpretation of the Scriptures. classical literary criticism. groundwork laid for Prot. Reform. society:chivalry. feudal class structure. individualism. secularism.

MAJOR UPHEAVALS OF THE LATE 14C-EARLY 15C – PERIOD OF "CREATIVE BREAKUP" Hundred years' War the rise of the modern nation-state. Black Death economic and social upheaval. Avignon papacy and the Conciliar Movement breakup of papal power.

ITALIAN RENAISSANCE: A. "pagan" humanism -- revival of interest in the Greek and Roman classics. -- enjoyment of worldly pleasures. -- vernacular literature --> Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, etc. B. l'uomo universale --> concept of the universal, "Renaissance Person". -- Castiglione's The Book of the Courtier -- Leonardo Da Vinci -- Michelangelo -- Isabella d'Este C. great Italian cities -- Florence --> the "heart" of Italian Renaissance culture. -- Venice --> the main center of Italian Renaissance trade. -- Rome --> still spiritual capital of Christendom (corrupt popes -- ex., Alexander VI) D. Italian politics --> Machiavelli's The Prince -- the "merchant" princes (Medici family). -- despots (Caesare Borgia). -- machiavellianism and virtu. E. Art --> Quattrocento and the High Renaissance -- the different artistic styles of the two periods -- how did these styles and the artistic themes of the paintings and sculpture reflect the philosophy of Renaissance humanism??

THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE: "Christian" humanism -- Desiderius Erasmus --> In Praise of Folly -- Thomas More --> Utopia -- Rabelais --> Gargantua -- Cervantes --> Don Quijote -- Michel de Montaigne --> Essays (skepticism) -- a trace of mysticism -- criticisms of the Church, but WITHIN the Church. B. Gutenberg --> printing press --> What were its effects on the spread of humanist ideas?? C. vernacular writing --> Shakespeare, Cervantes, Rabelais. D. the arts: -- differences in artistic style between Northern Europe and Italy?? -- the Flemish School --> Jan van Eyck, Hans Holbein, Rembrandt, etc.

THE DECLINE OF THE RENAISSANCE CHURCH: A. general symptoms of failure? B. the rise of national churches in England, France, Spain, Italy, and the Germanies (as a result of the breakdown in old feudal ties and obligations). C. Conciliar movement. D. indulgence controversy.

ADDITIONAL TERMS TO KNOW: scholasticism humanism virtu l'uomo universale courtier Quattrocento sfumato contrapposto