The Circulatory System

Purpose of the Circulatory System Transports O 2, nutrients, vitamins, CO 2, hormones and waste products On average a human has 4 – 6 liters of blood in their body The average weight of a heart is 10 ounces #1

3 Circulatory Systems Coronary circulation: – The movement of blood through the heart. Provides nutrients and takes away wastes from the heart muscle tissue. #2

3 Circulatory Systems Pulmonary circulation: The movement of blood through the heart to the lungs and back. #2

3 Circulatory Systems Systemic circulation: Supplies nourishment to all of the tissue located throughout your body, with the exception of the heart and lungs #2

Blood Centrifuge #3

Components of Blood PLASMA: - Pale – yellow liquid - Mostly made of water - Carries nutrients and waste products to different parts of the body #3

Components of Blood Red Blood Cells (RBC) - Carries oxygen - Contains hemoglobin - Makes up 1/3 rd of all cells in the human body - Does not have a nucleus day lifespan #3

Components of Blood White Blood Cells (WBC) - Has a nucleus, no hemoglobin - Uses bloodstream for transportation to sites of injury - Engulfs pathogens, cell debris #3

Components of Blood Platelets Helps blood-clotting at sites of injury by clumping together #3

VESSELS ARTERY -Carries blood away from the heart - Thickest walls -Pulmonary arteries: carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs -Aorta: sends oxygenated blood to the systemic circulatory system (body) #4

VESSELS CAPILLARY -Location where gas and nutrient exchange occurs - Thinnest walls In the lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen In the tissues, oxygen and carbon dioxide and nutrients and wastes are exchanged In the kidneys, wastes are released to be eliminated from the body In the intestine, nutrients are picked up, and wastes released #4

VESSELS VEIN Carries blood to the heart & has one-way valves -Pulmonary vein: carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart -Jugular vein : brings deoxygenated blood from the head to the heart (found along side of neck) #4

Cholesterol Cholesterol is a lipid found in the bloodstream and your body's cells. LDL “BAD” : joins with fats and other substances to build up in the inner walls of your arteries  PLAQUE HDL “GOOD”: carries harmful cholesterol away #5

Blood Typing #6

Rh Factor Rh factor Type of protein on the surface of red blood cells. Most people who have the Rh factor are Rh+ Those who do not have the Rh factor are Rh- Rh+ is a dominant trait Erythroblastosis fetalis a potentially life-threatening blood disorder in a fetus or newborn infant #7

Rh Factor & Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava Right Atrium Right Ventricle Tricuspid Valve Pulmonary Valve Anatomy of the Heart Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Artery #8 Aorta Pulmonary Vein Pulmonary Vein Left Atrium Left Ventricle Mitral Valve Aortic Valve

Blood Flow Sequence 1.Blood that has circulated through the body, which has lost its oxygen and collected carbon dioxide, enters through the vena cava into the right atrium of the heart. 2. The right atrium contracts and pumps the blood through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. 3. The right ventricle then pumps blood through the pulmonary artery into the lungs. 4. In the lungs, tiny blood vessels called capillaries absorb carbon dioxide from the blood and replace it with oxygen. 5. Oxygenated blood then flows through the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium. 6. Oxygenated blood then pumps through the mitral valve and into the left ventricle. 7. The left side of the heart contracts to send blood out the left ventricle and through the aortic arch on its way to all parts of the body. 8. Blood will move through the arteries, then through capillaries, and then return through the veins. 9. Deoxygenated blood will then return to the heart through the vena cava. 10. The cycle repeats. #9

Blood Flow Sequence #9 Left Pulmonary Valve Pulmonary Valve