Electricity

What is Electricity? Electricity is everywhere: Houses Cars Batteries Clouds

Parts of an atom What parts make up all atoms?

Parts of an atom What parts make up all atoms? Protons Neutrons Electrons

Parts of an atom What kind of charge do they have? Protons Neutrons Electrons

Parts of an atom What kind of charge do they have? Protons Neutrons Electrons + - None

Electricity and Charge Electricity is what happens when you get MORE electrons floating around in one spot than protons. Electrons Protons

Moving Electrons Protons are stuck! They can’t leave an atom. Electrons can go around wherever they want… They don’t HAVE to stay suck next to a proton

Where Electrons Stay Electrons PREFER to say close to a proton… 1 proton & 1 electron, together: happy pair butNO ELECTRICITY!

Moving Electrons When we move electrons away from their protons, then we get ELECTRICITY. ElectronsAtoms

Static Electricity If we just save electrons in the bucket, and let them sit there, that’s what we call STATIC ELECTRICITY. Electrons

Static Electricity Electrons in a bucket aren’t very happy, they want to get out and go back to their protons. When they are trying to “Break Out”, that’s when we see the evidence of Static Electricity

Examples Let’s look at some examples of Static Electricity…

Charges What happens to an object when you start pulling out electrons and saving them in a bucket? How does the object change? ElectronsAtoms

Charges What kind of CHARGE does each bucket have? ElectronsAtoms

Charges What kind of charge did the Atom bucket have before we started taking electrons away? Atoms

Charge Interaction Begin with two buckets of atoms. Atoms 1 Atoms 2

Charge Interaction Put all the electrons in Bucket #1, and all the protons in Bucket #2. Atoms 1 Atoms 2

Charge Interaction What charge does each bucket have? Electrons 1 Protons 2

Charge Interaction What charge does each bucket have? Electrons 1 Protons 2 - +

Charge Interaction Will there be any force between the buckets? Electrons 1 Protons 2 - +

Charge Interaction Objects with opposite charges ATTRACT! Electrons 1 Protons 2 - +

Charge Interaction If you get rid of the bucket of protons and bring in a second bucket of electrons? Electrons 1 Electrons 3 -

Charge Interaction Objects with like charges REPEL? Electrons 1 Electrons 3 -

Electron Philosophy BUT, how does one go about obtaining a bucket of electrons in the first place?

Friction Rubbing two objects together is one way to transfer excess electrons to one of them. Here, the balloon becomes the “bucket” and gets the extra electrons.

Friction Once the balloon has a negative charge, it will stick to the wall. Why? -

Local Charge The negative balloon pushes all the electrons in the wall far away from it. All that is left are the protons that can’t move

Charge by Induction Now the left side of the wall has a positive charge and the right side has a negative charge. This is called a charge by induction

Charge by Induction When the balloon is removed, the charge in the wall will go away, and every electron will match next to a proton again

Charge by Conduction If a negatively charged object comes in contact with another object, charge can be transferred by conduction. You rub your feet on a carpet and become the electron “bucket”, then touch a door handle. The door handle gets some of your extra electrons, and some of your charge.

Gallery Walk Begin the Gallery Walk on Static Electricity after receiving the instructions.