Water storage variations from time-variable gravity data Andreas Güntner Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Section.

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Presentation transcript:

Water storage variations from time-variable gravity data Andreas Güntner Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Section 5.4 Hydrology IASS, Potsdam,

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences2 P: Precipitation E: Evaporation R: Runoff  S: Water storage change Resolving the continental water balance equation Several storage components: Snow and ice Groundwater Soil moisture Surface water ΔS = P – E – R ΔSΔS Variations in continental water storage

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences3 GRACE overview Launched in March 2002 Orbit height: 470 km Distance of both satellites: 250 km Polar orbit

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences4 GRACE overview Figure: Mayer-Gürr IGG Bonn Distance: about μm Measurement accuracy

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences5 Monitoring the Earth’s gravity field and its temporal variations caused by mass transport processes - Earth's interior - Atmosphere - Oceans - Continental hydrology - Ice caps, glaciers GRACE overview

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences6  Temporal variations of the gravity field of the Earth  Water mass variations on the continents after removal of other mass components  S: Water storage change P: Precipitation E: Evaporation Q: Runoff ΔS = P - Q - E Only integrative and large-scale measurement of ΔS for hydrology Water storage variations from time-variable gravity data

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences7  Temporal variations of the gravity field of the Earth  Water mass variations on the continents after removal of other mass components  S: Water storage change P: Precipitation E: Evaporation Q: Runoff ΔS = P - Q - E Water storage variations from time-variable gravity data Temporal resolution: 10 days to monthly

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences8 Figure: Mayer-Gürr IGG Bonn Approximation of the Earth’s gravitational potential by spherical harmonics GRACE overview Degree

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences9 Figure: Mayer-Gürr IGG Bonn Approximation of the Earth’s gravitational potential by spherical harmonics Degree n Number of coefficients

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences10 GRACE applications for mountain cryosphere Patagonia Icefield Chen et al. (2007), GRL Mass loss (Gt/a)Period -28 ± 1104/ /2006 Correction for post-glacial rebound contribution of +9 ± 8 Gt/a included

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences11 GRACE applications for mountain cryosphere Asia Matsuo & Heki (2010), EPSL Mass loss (Gt/a)Period -47 ± 1204/ /2009 Groundwater depletion in NW-India

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences12 GRACE applications for mountain cryosphere Golf of Alaska Glacier Region Luthcke et al. (2008), J.Gaciol. Mass loss (Gt/a)PeriodStudy -84 ± 504/ /2007 Luthcke et al. (2008) -101 ± 2204/ /2005 Chen et al. (2006) -115 ± 2004/ /2004 Tamisiea et al. (2005)

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences13 GRACE applications for mountain cryosphere Golf of Alaska Glacier Region Luthcke et al. (2008), J Gaciol. Temporal sampling: 10 days Spatial sampling: 2 x 2° (~50000 km²) Estimated uncertainty of mass variation recovery for this resolution: 3.5 Gt

| Andreas Güntner | German Research Centre for Geosciences14 GRACE applications for mountain cryosphere Benefits Time series of total ice mass variations Large-scale, spatially comprehensive data for mountain ranges Limitations Possible signal contamination by other mass redistribution processes (e.g., groundwater, postglacial rebound, sediment transport), need for signal separation Low spatial resolution relative data (storage variations) Perspectives Advanced exploration of GRACE data (improved processing, longer time series, other regions, e.g., Iceland, Franz Josef Land, Svalbard, individual Asian mountain ranges) Combined analyses of gravimetric data, altimetry, GPS, InSAR GRACE Follow-on mission with higher resolution time-variable gravity data