Mitosis How do your cells divide?
Division of the Cell A. Cell division – the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells. B. Before cell division occurs, the cell replicates all it’s DNA giving each cell its own complete set of genetic information. C. Each daughter cell also has an increased surface area to volume ratio. Division of the Cell 1. Cell division – the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells. 2. Before cell division occurs, the cell replicates all it’s DNA giving each cell its own complete set of genetic information.
Chromosomes 3. The genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next is carried by chromosomes. 4. Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein.
chromatid – one of two identical sister parts of a duplicated chromosome. centromere – the area where the two chromatids are attached.
II. The Cell Cycle is made up of: A. Interphase – (G1, S, G2) the period of growth between cell divisions. B. Cell division
Interphase is divided into three phases: 1. G1 phase – period of activity in which cells do most of their growing.
S phase – chromosomes are replicated and the synthesis of DNA takes place. G2 phase (shortest of the three) – the organelles & molecules required for cell division is produced..
2 Stages of Cell Division: a. Mitosis – division of the cell nucleus. b.Cytokinesis – division of the cytoplasm.
The Cell Cycle
5. After interphase, the cell enters mitosis which is the division of the nucleus.
DNA condenses into chromosomes; Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers Chromosomes line up on the equator Prophase Metaphase MITOSIS
Telophase DNA uncoils; 2 nuclei form Anaphase Chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite ends
Cytokinesis- division of the cytoplasm Animal Cell Plant Cell
Mitosis Animation
Overview of the Cell Cycle
It’s all about the chromosomes! 8. There are 46 in human body cells (23 pair) –The number of chromosomes remain constant during Mitosis
9. Which Cells Go Through Mitosis? The cells are called somatic cells or autosomes
12. What happens if cell division gets out of control ? CANCER The body doesn’t respond normally to the body’s control mechanisms
Bone Cancer X-ray Ovarian Cancer Cell Dividing
11. Causes of cancer include smoking, tobacco, radiation exposure, and viral infection.
Skin Cancer
Mitosis Review 1. Is the beginning cell diploid or haploid ? Diploid 2. Are the daughter cells diploid or haploid? Diploid
More Mitosis Review 3. How many daughter cells are produced? 2 4. Are the resulting daughter cells different from the parent cell? NO
More Mitosis Review 5. Are the resulting daughter cells different from each other? NO How many chromosomes are in a human cell? 46 Diploid or Haploid? Diploid
7. How many chromosomes are in a human daughter cell?46 Diploid or Haploid? Diploid
More Mitosis Review 8.What types of cells are produced by mitosis? Autosomes (body cells)
9. What is the name of the process? Mitosis 10. What are the names of the phases? A. prophase B. metaphase C. anaphase D. telophase
11. The cell labeled I is in what phase of the cell cycle? interphase 12. The nucleus is going through Mitosis. Division of cytoplasm known as cytokinesis.