Routing Policies in Named Data Networking Steve DiBenedetto Christos Papadopoulos Dan Massey

Introduction Inter-domain routing is policy-based ICNs may lead to new & interesting policies B ADC 1

Business Relations – Gao ‘00 Policies are defined by economic incentives – Selection – Propagation CU AT&T Level 3 Peers CSU Siblings Provider Customer

Route Selection Prefer 1.Customers 2.Peers 3.Providers Self Provider Custome r Peer Destination

Propagation: Valley-Free After a provider  customer or peer  peer edge – No customer  provider edges – No Peer  peer edges

Motivation Policy can guide Named Data Networking (NDN) routing research – No inter-domain protocol (yet) Discuss possibilities and get real world feedback 5

NDN Background Route on content names “Breadcrumbs” & de-duplication of requests Cache retrieved data ? /nytimes.com/today 6

Outline NDN Policy Knobs Economic Incentives & Policies Conclusions 7

Policy Knobs Tunable parameters that control policy IP Networking: Control plane knobs – Route selection & propagation NDN: Control & Data plane knobs – Content Store (CS)/Cache – Pending Interest Table (PIT) – Forwarding Information Base (FIB) 8

Control Plane Knobs IP Networking: BGP – Path attributes select 1 best route NDN: – Select multiple routes 9

FIB Knob Determine subset of interfaces to forward out R1 X C1 Popular Video R2 C2 10

Content Store Knob: Cache Access Allow: – Check CS and then PIT (if no match) Cache Only – Drop if CS miss Deny – Drop without check 11

Data Packet Knobs Forwarded Interests expect answers – Subject to “best effort” – Unsolicited content is dropped Content policy = caching policy 12

Outline Policy Knobs Economic Incentives & Policies Conclusions 13

Policies & Incentives Policies driven by economic incentives – Guide route selection & propagation – Do not expect dramatic change in motivation CU AT&T Level 3 Peers CSU Siblings Provider Customer 14

Multi-Path Incentives Using multiple paths = paying multiple times Need to choose between cost & robustness P1 P2 C $8/Mb $10/Mb Popular Video $4/Mb $2/Mb 15

Caching Incentives Little incentive for (some) providers to cache P1P2 C1 C2 Content P2 profits sending traffic to C2 P1 wants traffic balance C1 wants to save $$$ 16

Cache Sharing Limit access to cache & customers’ content – Reciprocity agreements Provides “discount” multi-path options P2 C X Video #2 Video #1 R 17 P1

Routing Rebates Offer cached content to provider to reduce bill – Like solar power & rolling back meter P1P2 C Popular Video Video: $1/Mb 18

PIT Policies Race condition between Interests May raise SLA conflicts P R1X Popular Video R2 C 19

Outline Policy Knobs Economic Incentives & Policies Conclusions 20

Conclusions Policy mostly tied to routing & Interests – NDN policy: control & data planes Inter-domain multi-path raises policy questions Caching benefits peers & customers Need scalable way to share cache info! 21

Going Forward Still more policies/knobs to be realized How to implement policies in NDN – Performance cost of policies? Input needed! – Desirable knobs & policies? 22

Thanks! 23