Lesson 1: Elements. Lesson Objectives I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons.

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Presentation transcript:

Lesson 1: Elements

Lesson Objectives I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

Task 1: Draw the particle arrangement for a solid, liquid and gas: Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. SolidLiquidGas

Elements are found in the periodic table. Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

Sodium (Na) Is a solid. Na 23 Sodium 11 Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

A Closer Look Inside Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Electrons Protons Neutrons Nucleus Shell

Element structure Na 23 Sodium 11 Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Atomic Number – the number of protons and electrons. (11p and 11e) Mass Number – the number of protons and neutrons. (11p and 12n)

Atomic number: Why are there the same number of protons and electrons? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Electrons are negatively charged (-ve). Protons are positively charged (+ve). For the atom is neutral, there must be a balance of protons and neutrons.

Why do we need neutrons? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Neutrons have NO charge (they are neutral). They are found in the nucleus, amongst the protons. Like charges want to repel and push each other away – so the neutrons stop that from happens and make the nucleus stable.

Where is the mass of the atom (mass number)? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Electrons have negligible mass (virtually nothing). Protons and neutrons are heavy and of equal mass. We therefore say that each proton and neutron has an relative atomic mass number of 1. So, 10 protons and 10 neutrons have a mass number of 20.

Summary: Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. ParticleChargeRelative atomic mass Where found Proton Neutron Electron

Summary: Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. ParticleChargeRelative atomic mass Where found Proton+1 In the nucleus NeutronNo Charge+1In the nucleus ElectronNegligibleIn the shells around the nucleus

Element structure Na 23 Sodium 11 The maximum number of electrons in each shell is 2, 8 and 8. Every shell must be FULL before you start to fill the next shell. Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. 12N 11P

Element structure HydrogenHelium Lithium CarbonNitrogen Oxygen Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

Complete the periodic table to show the atomic structure of the first 20 elements in the periodic table. Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number

Particles There is over 100 different particles which make up everything around us. These particles are called elements. Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

Element Song G:\Departments\Science\Resources\Element song.mht Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

The answers are all in the periodic table! Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number.

What is the atomic number? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Hydrogen has atomic number 1 (it only has 1 electron)

What is the atomic number? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Calcium has atomic number 20 (it has 20 electrons)

What is the atomic number? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Aluminium has atomic number 13 (it has 13 electrons)

How many electrons in the outer shell? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. All elements in group I have 1 electron in their outer shell. These are known as the alkali metals. Remember: Elements in the same group have similar proprieties.

How many electrons in the outer shell? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. All elements in group II have 2 electrons in their outer shell

How many electrons in the outer shell? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. All elements in group VIII have 8 electrons in their outer shell These are known as the noble gases.

How many electrons in the outer shell? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. All elements in group VII have 7 electrons in their outer shell These are known as the halogens.

Is it a metal or non-metal? Keywords: I be able to draw the atomic structure of an atom. I can work out the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom. I know the difference between atomic number and mass number. Non-Metals Metals

Copper Cu Solid Pink Shiny Non-magnetic Conducts electricity Conducts thermal energy METAL

Selenium Se Solid Silver Shiny Non-Magnetic Does not conducts electricity Does not conducts thermal energy NON-METAL

Mercury Hg Liquid silver Shiny Non-magnetic Conducts electricity Conducts thermal energy METAL

Carbon C Solid Black Not shiny Non-magnetic Conducts electricity Conducts thermal energy NON-METAL

Sulphur S Solid Yellow Not shiny Non-magnetic Does not conduct electricity Does not conduct thermal energy NON-METAL

Iron Fe Solid Grey Shiny Magnetic Conducts electricity Conducts thermal energy METAL

Nickel Ni Solid Grey Shiny Magnetic Conducts electricity Conducts thermal energy METAL

Bromine Br Liquid Red Not shiny Non-magnetic Does not conduct electricity Does not conduct thermal energy NON-METAL

Chlorine Cl Gas Green Not shiny Non-magnetic Does not conduct electricity Does not conduct thermal energy NON-METAL

Review Objectives I still feel unsure. I need some more help to understand. I feel ok. I need to do some more work to check my understanding. I am happy and feel I understand and can explain the main points. Keywords: I can name some elements. I can use symbols for a wide variety of elements. I can identify metals and non-metals by their properties.