Polio Cases, * Source: WHO/Polio database, data as of November WHO Member States. 1999: one of the 3 types of polio eradicated PolioPlus is launched

2009 Endemic areas Recurrent importations PolioPlus Progress: all but 4 countries had eradicated all 3 polioviruses by 2006

A New PolioPlus Programme in 2009 new tactics to reach all children. new vaccines to improve impact. An Independent Evaluation of Barriers.

New Tactics in Nigeria: engaging sub-national & local leaders June: Sultan of Sokoto constitutes Polio Committee February: Nigeria's state Governors sign 'Abuja Commitments on Polio'

3 rd Quarter th Quarter st Quarter nd Quarter rd Quarter th Quarter 2009 Impact: major drop in type 1 polio, north Nigeria

Rotarians in action for Polio Plus! Nigeria High-Level Advocacy, 2009

New Tactics in India: reaching children in central Bihar 2009

Vaccinators & monitors must walk miles through water, sand, mud and grass to reach villages…

New Tactics: establish PolioPlus 'satellite offices' Impact: many new homes reached.

Impact: all except 1 genetic lineage of the type 1 poliovirus has been eradicated! Grey 1 Grey 2 Grey 3 Black 1 Black 2 Pink 1 Yellow 2 Yellow 3 Yellow 4 Grey 1 Grey 2 Grey 3 Black 1 Pink 1 Yellow 2 Yellow Grey 1 Grey Pink Pink * *as of Oct, 2009

Rotarians in action for PolioPlus! India Reservoir Areas

Polio is now very focal in both Afghanistan & Pakistan Polio persists due to security & accountability problems

Taliban: 'allow children to be immunized for polio'. September 2009 NATO/ISAF: 'Days of Tranquility for polio'. October 2009 New Tactics in Afghanistan: enhancing access in the south

February 2009 Prime Minister's Polio Action Plan August 2009 President Zardari accepts Rotary Award & pledges to finish polio New Tactics in Pakistan: enhancing accountability

October 2009, Pakistan President Zardari opens NIDs

Afghanistan-Pakistan Border Rotary's PolioPlus in action!

A New Vaccine: 'bivalent oral polio vaccine' (bOPV) increases impact & simplifies logistics New bOPV Vaccine Impact of 2 doses of bOPV vs. tOPV Type 1 polioType 3 polio

New Support for PolioPlus UN Secretary-General 'Days of Tranquility' US President Obama Collaboration with the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) Mr Bill Gates Advocacy & Financing

Funding Gap: US$ 220m of $1.51 B budget, ‘Other’ includes: the Governments of Angola, Austria, Australia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Brunei, Czech Republic, Cyprus, Finland, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Kuwait, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Monaco, Namibia, New Zealand, Oman, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates,Yemen; African Development Bank; AG Fund; American Red Cross; De Beers, Inter-American Development Bank, Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Oil for Food Programme, OPEC Fund, Sanofi Pasteur; Saudi Arabian Red Crescent Society, Smith Kline Biologicals, UNICEF National Committees, UNICEF Regular and Other Resources, United Arab Emirates Red Crescent Society, Shinnyo-en WHO Regular Budget and Wyeth. Domestic Resources 13% Non-G8 OECD/ Other 4% Multilateral Sector 12% Private Sector 22% Polio Eradication Financing G8 49%

Polio-reporting districts, last 6 months* Int'l Spread of Polio from Nigeria (& Chad, Sudan) from India (& Angola) * 11 May– 10 Nov 2009 type 1 type 3 types 1 & 3