History of Classification

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Presentation transcript:

History of Classification

Classification History Taxonomy: Branch of biology that groups all life according to their characteristics and history All life on earth is placed into 1 of 6 kingdoms: Eubacteria Archaea Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Classification History prokaryotes eukaryotes

Developed classification system based on physical features Many rules still used today Binomial Nomenclature: System of giving every organism 2 names 1st word: Genus (broad) 2nd word: Species (specific) Example: House cat Genus: Felis (cougars, lions, tigers, cheetahs, etc…) Species: catus Carolus Linnaeus

Binomial Format Bos taurus When Writing: Genus capitalized species lowercase Underlined entirely Ex: Homo sapiens When Typing: Same, except use italics Bos taurus

Taxa 7 individual levels (taxa) used to classify organisms Kingdom (broadest) Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (specific) Allows relationships to be clearly seen Taxa Kings Play Chess On Fine Gold Stools

Phylum Cheetah Classification Class Order Family Genus Species

Phylum Red Wolf Classification Class Order Family Genus Species

Phylum Class Order Family Human Classification Genus Species

Killer whale classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Corn Classification

The more levels in common...the more related the species.

Which two organisms are most related to one another? Killer Whale K = Animals P = Chordata C = Mammals O = Cetacea F = Delphinidae G = Orcinus S = orca Red Wolf K = Animals P = Chordata C = Mammals O = Carnivora F = Canidae G = Canis S = vulpes Polar Bear K = Animals P = Chordata C = Mammals O = Carnivora F = Ursidae G = Ursus S = arctos

Oh Looney Toons!

Oh Looney Toons!

Kobe??? Who Cares!?!?!?! A patient walks in with an unknown fungal skin disease. You are able to partially classify the new fungus. K: Fungi P: Basidiomycota C: Heterobasidiomycetes O: Tremellales F: Filobasidiaceae G: ????? S: ????? You recognize that the fungus is very similar to the infectious fungus known as Malassezia furfur. K: Fungi P: Basidiomycota C: Heterobasidiomycetes O: Tremellales F: Filobasidiaceae G: Malassezia S: furfur How can classification help this patient? Perhaps the Malassezia furfur treatment can be applied to our unknown disease.

Using a dichotomous key What is this item?

Using a dichotomous key What is this item?

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