The Cultural Agenda of the Hemisphere: Toward the Fifth Summit of the Americas THIRD INTER-AMERICAN MEETING OF MINISTERS OF CULTURE AND HIGHEST APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES Montreal, Québec, Canada November 15, 2006 LUIS ALBERTO RODRÍGUEZ Director Summits of the Americas Secretariat Organization of American States

THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS First Summit (Miami, December 1994) Second Summit (Santiago, April 1998) Third Summit (Quebec City, April 2001) Summit on Sustainable Development (Santa Cruz de la Sierra, December 1996) Special Summit (Monterrey, January 2004) Fourth Summit (Mar del Plata, November 2005)

THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS PROCESS: MECHANISMS FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND FOLLOW-UP SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS Heads of State and Government Ministers of Foreign Affairs OAS General Assembly OAS Secretary General Summits of the Americas Secretariat OAS Permanent Council Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG) (National Coordinators) SteeringCommittee (USA, Bolivia, Chile, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, and Trinidad and Tobago (USA, Bolivia, Chile, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, and Trinidad and Tobago ) Executive Council (Steering Committee + Brazil and Representatives of Regional Groups: Central America, Rio Group, Andean Group, CARICOM) Joint Summit Working Group (OAS, IDB, PAHO, ECLAC, IICA, WB, CABEI, CAF, CDB, IOM, ILO, ICA) OAS offices and institutions responsible for Implementing Summit mandates OAS Committee on Inter-American Summits Management and Civil Society Participation in OAS Activities (CISC) Ministerial Meetings V Summit Secretariat Trinidad and Tobago

Main actors contributing to the fifth Summit of the Americas Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG) National Summit Coordinators Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG) Civil Society Ministerial Meetings Summits of the Americas Secretariat

Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG) Core management body of the Summits Process Appointed National Coordinators represent the democratically elected governments of the hemisphere Central advisory bodies: the Steering Committee and the Executive Council Meets on average 3 times a year, with at least one of their meetings held at the Ministerial level at the OAS General Assembly Present Chair of the SIRG is Trinidad and Tobago

Tasked with preparing future Summits and reviewing the implementation of the Summit mandates Responsible for reporting annually on the progress achieved in the fulfillment of the Plan of Action to the Foreign Ministers Compose National Reports which: Demonstrate Member States’ commitment to Summits Process Indicate national compliance with Summits mandates Reveal correlation between Summits Process and domestic agendas Summit Implementation Review Group (SIRG)

Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG) WORLD BANK ICACDBILO ECLACCABEIIICACAF OASIDBPAHOIOM

Role of Ministerial meetings in the summit Process Support of Ministerial Meetings to the Summit Process: Revision of the implementation of Summit mandates Evaluation of the achievements Identification of challenges Recommendation and development of new commitments Advancement of hemispheric cooperation Summits of the Americas support to Ministerial meetings: Give political endorsement to Ministerial meetings Ensure institutionalization and continuity of Summit Process

Ministerial meetings Agriculture | | Health 6 | Labor 3 Tourism Justice Culture Defense Women Science & Technology 1 | Sustainable Development 1 | | Social Development 1 | | Energy 2| Transportation 3 | Finance Environment Trade Decentralization & Local Government 3 | | Education 3

CIVIL SOCIETY PARTICIPATION IN THE SUMMIT PROCESS In 2005: 10 forums held with the participation of civil society organizations 392 recommendations collected, compiled, and provided to OAS Member States Publications, presentations, dialogues with representatives of Member States

Achievements of the Summits of the Americas Inter-American Democratic Charter (2001) Declaration on Security in the Americas Inter-American Committee against Terrorism (CICTE) Launching of the FTAA negotiations (1995) Multilateral Evaluation Mechanism (MEM) of CICAD Inter-American Convention against Corruption Advances in participation of civil society, private sector and academia Draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Ministerial meetings on topics related to social development Connectivity Agenda for the Americas Inter-agency cooperation - Natural Disasters

CULTURE IN THE SUMMITS OF THE AMERICAS First Summit 1994 Recognize culture is an integral component of the development of the hemisphere Second Summit 1998 Promote respect for culture in education Third Summit 2001 Promote cultural values in social and economic development, respect for cultural diversity Summit on Sustainable Development 1996 Identify the importance of cultural diversity in sustainable development strategies Special Summit 2004 Encourage respect and appreciation for role of cultural diversity in democratic governance, social cohesion, cultural development Fourth Summit 2005 Recognize role of culture in protection of national heritage, enhancement of dignity and identity, creation of decent jobs and overcoming of poverty, and democratic governance

The Fifth summit of the Americas: Addressing the challenges of the hemisphere Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago 2009 Democratic Governance Economic Growth Social Development and Health Care Education Regional Security Sustainable Development Cultural Development

Culture: A Cross-cutting Theme TOWARD THE FIFTH SUMMIT Democratic Governance Social movements adopt culture as strategy for empowerment & activism Marginalized groups gain social recognition through their cultural expressions Culture works as a social glue, bringing diverse groups together Aesthetic improvements to cities can also improve citizen participation

THE Economic Impact OF CulturE Cultural and creative industries account for 7% of global GDP Recorded Media (31%) Printed Media (30%) Visual Arts (20%) Audiovisual Media (14%) Global Market Values of Cultural Industry: $1.3 Trillion Cultural Economy is growing at 6.3% / year Cultural heritage preservation stimulates local economic growth, employment Regional Cultural Exports worth US$10.86 billion in 2002 (UNESCO) Cultural industries contribute to GDP (3% in Andean Countries, 6.7% in Mexico) Culture accounts for 4.03% of Colombian GDP, coffee accounts for 2.75%. Cultural industries employ artisans (1.8 million in Peru, 5 million in Mexico, and 155,000 in El Salvador) EXPORTS BY REGION OF CULTURAL GOODS, 2002 Chart Source: UN Comtrade, DESA/UNSD (2004) Data Sources: World Bank (2005), UNESCO (2005), Price Waterhouse Coopers (2004)

POVERTY AND SOCIAL inequality Poverty affects 44 percent of people in region 64 percent poverty in rural areas 19.4% of the population lives in extreme poverty Steady poverty rate for past decade in the region (IADB) Absolute number of people living in poverty has increased last 10 years High correlation between poverty and lack of access to basic social services Cultural industries include populations that suffer economic and social exclusion Culture offers many groups a sense of belonging & identity Richest tenth of Latin America and the Caribbean earns 48% of total income while poorest tenth earns just 1.6%

EDUCATION Despite reaching the goal of universal primary education (93% enrollment), access to quality secondary education remains limited Two out of every five children in rural areas fail to finish primary school or are at least two years behind when they finish (UNESCO) Over a third of young people of secondary school age are not enrolled Secondary education appears to significantly increase a person’s chances of remaining above the absolute poverty line during his/her working life Of every 100 children who come from the poorest 40 percent of the region, only 10 percent continue their studies through the ninth year Teaching intercultural dialogue and respect for cultural diversity promotes democratic values

REGIONAL SECURITY Latin America Remains the World's Most Violent Region 34.3% of American nations have highest murder rate ( 2.2% - Asia, 13.7% -Africa, 0% -Europe, 14.3% - Oceania) Gang violence has surged in recent years Kidnapping has reached epidemic proportions Arms proliferate within civil groups Problems from Illicit Drug Production & Trafficking Cultural groups offer youth an alternative to criminality

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Main Environmental Challenges: Integrated Water-Resource Management Natural Disaster Risk Management Sustainable Agriculture and Tourism Tourism management plans established for 125 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the region

INCORPORATING CULTURE IN the FIFTH SUMMIT OF THE AMERICAS National Coordinators Ministerial Meetings Third and Fourth Inter-American Meeting of Ministers of Culture and Highest Appropriate Authorities Civil Society Chair of the SIRG (Trinidad and Tobago) Joint Summit Working Group (JSWG) Summits of the Americas Secretariat

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