The Mole Standards 1 dozen = 1 gross = 1 ream = 1 mole = 12 144 500 6.02 x 10 23 There are exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 in one mole of carbon-12.

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Presentation transcript:

The Mole

Standards

1 dozen = 1 gross = 1 ream = 1 mole = x There are exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 in one mole of carbon-12.

Avogadro’s Number 6.02 x is called “Avogadro’s Number” in honor of the Italian chemist Amadeo Avogadro ( ). Amadeo Avogadro I didn’t discover it. Its just named after me!

Calculating Formula Mass Calculate the formula mass of carbon dioxide, CO g + 2(16.00 g) = g  One mole of CO 2 (6.02 x molecules) has a mass of grams

Mole Relationships The Mole Atoms or molecules Atoms or molecules Liters of gas Grams 6.02 x AtomicMassAtomicMass L 22.4 L We will re-visit this later in the year Gram-molecular mass or molar mass Avogadro’s number

Calculations with Moles: Converting moles to grams How many grams of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium? 3.50 mol Li = g Li 1 mol Li 6.9 g Li 24.2 Convert using the factor-label method Always use “1” mole of ____ in conversion

Calculations with Moles: Converting grams to moles How many moles of lithium are in 18.2 grams of lithium? 18.2 g Li = mol Li 6.9 g Li 1 mol Li 2.64 You can convert from grams to moles again be sure to use “1” mole of ____ in conversion.

Calculations with Moles: Using Avogadro’s Number How many atoms of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium? 3.50 mol = atoms 1 mol of Li 6.02 x atoms 2.07 x You can convert from moles to atoms again be sure to use “1” mole of ____ in conversion.

Calculations with Moles: Using Avogadro’s Number How many atoms of lithium are in 18.2 g of lithium? 18.2 g Li = atoms Li 1 mol Li 6.02 x atoms Li 1.59 x g Li1 mol Li (18.2)(6.022 x )/6.9 You can convert from grams to atoms but you have to convert to moles along the way.