DO NOW December 5, 2012. Length, mass, time or temperature? 1.472kg____ 2.172s_ 3.25cm_ 4.32°C__ 5.3500m_ 6.86km______.

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Presentation transcript:

DO NOW December 5, 2012

Length, mass, time or temperature? 1.472kg________ 2.172s_________ 3.25cm_________ 4.32°C__________ m_________ 6.86km__________ mg________ 8.39mins_________ 9.273°K__________ hrs__________

Terminology 1.Reactivity 2.Quark 3.Pure substance 4.Nuclear radiation 5.Molar mass 6.mole A.The mass of one mole of a substance B.Charged particles and electromagnetic waves that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes. C.An amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02 x particles of the substance. D. A subatomic particle theorized to be among the basic units of matter. E. The property that describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances. F. Matter that always has exactly the same composition

Objectives Students will be able to describe ancient Greek models of matter. List the main points of Dalton’s atomic theory and describe his evidence for the existence of atoms. Explain how Thomson and Rutherford used data from experiments to produce their atomic models.

In the beginning…. The thought of Electricity came before atoms. In 600 B.C., Thales of Miletus discovered that a piece of amber, after rubbing it with fur, attracts bits of hair and feathers and other light objects. He suggested that this mysterious force came from the amber and did not connect this force with any atomic particle.

Not until around 460 B.C. Greek philosopher Democritus develop the idea of atoms. He asked the question, if you break a piece of matter in half, and then break it in half again, how many breaks will you have to make before you can break it no further? He ended it at some point, a smallest possible bit of matter; these basic matter particles he called atoms.

Unfortunately, the atomic ideas of Democritus had no lasting effects on other Greek philosophers, including Aristotle. Aristotle dismissed the atomic idea as worthless. John Dalton picked up the research. Although he did not know about their structure, he knew that the evidence pointed to something fundamental.

JJ Thomson in 1897 discovered the electron and proposed a model for the structure of the atom. In 1900 Max Planck showed that when you vibrate atoms strong enough, such as when you heat an object until it glows, you can measure the energy only in discrete units. He called these energy packets, quanta.

Albert Einstein wrote a ground-breaking paper that explained that light absorption can release electrons from atoms, a phenomenon called the “photoelectric effect”. Einstein received his only Nobel Prize for physics in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect.

In 1911, Ernest Rutherford thought it would prove interesting to bombard atoms with alpha rays. Not until1919, Rutherford finally identified the particles of the nucleus as discrete positive charges of matter. He found the protons mass at 1,836 times as great as the mass of the electron.

Simulation Blow up a balloon. Tear up a piece of paper into tiny pieces. Rub the balloon on your shirt. Place the balloon next to the hair on your arm or on your head. Place the balloon next to the tiny pieces of paper. Explain what happens. What is the reasoning? Turn in explanations for a project grade and class participation grade.

Exit Ticket List the contribution of each of the following scientist: Rutherford Thomson Dalton Einstein