Communication Process/Media History Comm I

Receiving and transmitting information contained in sounds, images, and sensations of everyday life Receiving and transmitting information contained in sounds, images, and sensations of everyday life

Communication Environment

The way we communicate acoustically and visually The way we communicate acoustically and visually

Communication Behavior Communication Behavior

Communicating with those around us (limited audience) Communicating with those around us (limited audience)

Interpersonal Communication Interpersonal Communication

Communicating with an extensive audience via mass media (tv/newspaper/radio/internet) Communicating with an extensive audience via mass media (tv/newspaper/radio/internet)

Mass Communication Mass Communication

Shannon-Weaver Communications Model Sender Sender Information Information Medium Medium Receiver Receiver Feedback Feedback

Noise Noise

Anything that interferes with the communication between sender and receiver Anything that interferes with the communication between sender and receiver –Examples?

Symbol Symbol –High-correspondence symbol –Low-correspondence symbol Referent Referent Ex ’ s of symbols/referents? Ex ’ s of symbols/referents?

Used movable type; allowed books to become first mass medium Used movable type; allowed books to become first mass medium

Printing press Printing press

Sound-producing machine invented by Edison; precedes record player Sound-producing machine invented by Edison; precedes record player

phonograph phonograph

A transparent film invented by Goodwin A transparent film invented by Goodwin

celluloid celluloid

Decorated or illustrated text Decorated or illustrated text

Illuminated manuscript Illuminated manuscript

An early paper similar to parchment, invented circa 2400 BC An early paper similar to parchment, invented circa 2400 BC

papyrus papyrus

Introduced in 1983, followed cassette tapes as the preferred method for music recording Introduced in 1983, followed cassette tapes as the preferred method for music recording

CD CD

Roman method of book binding, used cords to tie sheets of parchment between wooden boards Roman method of book binding, used cords to tie sheets of parchment between wooden boards

Codex Codex

Invented in 1844, transmits messages and signals using electric pulses, allows communication across great distances; precedes telephone Invented in 1844, transmits messages and signals using electric pulses, allows communication across great distances; precedes telephone

telegraph telegraph

Allows instant access to information, news, music, and people Allows instant access to information, news, music, and people

Internet Internet

Introduced in 2002, a subscription service similar to cable TV; two major providers merged in 2008 Introduced in 2002, a subscription service similar to cable TV; two major providers merged in 2008

Satellite radio Satellite radio

First typesetting machine invented by Mergenthaler in 1880 First typesetting machine invented by Mergenthaler in 1880

Linotype machine Linotype machine

Followed records as preferred medium for music recording, used from mid 1970 ’ s to mid 1980 ’ s, now obsolete Followed records as preferred medium for music recording, used from mid 1970 ’ s to mid 1980 ’ s, now obsolete

cassette cassette

Introduced at the 1939 World ’ s Fair, has become most popular and accessible form of mass media; used for information, entertainment, and escape Introduced at the 1939 World ’ s Fair, has become most popular and accessible form of mass media; used for information, entertainment, and escape

television television

Introduced in 1996, capable of storing 7x more information than a CD, followed VHS as the preferred method of film recording Introduced in 1996, capable of storing 7x more information than a CD, followed VHS as the preferred method of film recording

DVD DVD

2400 BC-1453 Oral communication Oral communication Papyrus Papyrus 1 st known alphabet 1 st known alphabet Writing materials advance from clay tablets to wood-pulp paper Writing materials advance from clay tablets to wood-pulp paper codex codex

Gutenberg ’ s printing press, movable type Gutenberg ’ s printing press, movable type Books become 1 st mass medium Books become 1 st mass medium Free press as foundation for democracy Free press as foundation for democracy Colonial newspapers Colonial newspapers 1 st magazine 1 st magazine

Telegraph Telegraph Phonograph Phonograph Linotype machine Linotype machine Celluloid Celluloid Literacy rates boom Literacy rates boom Books, newspapers & magazines become vital part of American society Books, newspapers & magazines become vital part of American society

Industrial revolution Industrial revolution WW I WW I Great Depression Great Depression Radio becomes a full-fledged mass medium (Golden Age of Radio) Radio becomes a full-fledged mass medium (Golden Age of Radio) Public relations spurs U.S. into WWII Public relations spurs U.S. into WWII Muckraking journalists focus on social issues and big business Muckraking journalists focus on social issues and big business

FCC sets TV starndards FCC sets TV starndards Television networks promote shared culture and social movements Television networks promote shared culture and social movements Social issues take the forefront in broadcast television Social issues take the forefront in broadcast television Popularization of VCR Popularization of VCR Expansion of cable Expansion of cable Defense research leads to communications satellite technology and beginnings of Internet Defense research leads to communications satellite technology and beginnings of Internet

Cable TV explodes Cable TV explodes The Internet becomes mass medium The Internet becomes mass medium Computers become common in most homes Computers become common in most homes MTV and CNN introduced MTV and CNN introduced Mass media are deregulated (media fragmentation occurs) Mass media are deregulated (media fragmentation occurs) Telecommunications Act of 1996 discards most ownership limits- corporate media dominate Telecommunications Act of 1996 discards most ownership limits- corporate media dominate Social media – facebook, instagram, etc. Social media – facebook, instagram, etc.