End of WW2 1. The Great Land Grab 2. Formation of the United Nations 3. State of Israel

The End of the War V.E Day: The war in Europe ends on May 8, Nazi Germany surrenders when Soviet (Russian) forces enter the city of Berlin Hoisting the Soviet Flag in Berlin

The End of the War continued V-J Day: The war with Japan ends on August 14, Japan surrenders unconditionally after the U.S. Drops its second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan. (page 242)

The Great Land Grab The Soviets continued to occupy those Eastern European countries that it had liberated from the Nazis (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Albania) Remember – Stalin wanted more territory in This did not change after the war

Germany Germany was divided into four “zones of occupation” by the Allies: Britain, France, the U.S. and the Soviet Union The city of Berlin was also divided into 4 zones Britain, France and the U.S. merged their zones to form West Germany & West Berlin The USSR kept its zone, it formed East Germany (East Berlin)

Japan Occupied by the Allied forces under the leadership of the U.S. 1 st time in history that Japan has been occupied by another power U.S. Helped Japan rebuild and develop into an industrial capitalist nation San Francisco Peace Treaty – 1951 – end of Allied occupation

The New World Order The Superpowers Soviets enact a process to replace western democracy with world communism. The U.S. emerged from WW2 as the only nation rich and powerful enough to challenge the Soviet Union. It aims to overthrow pro- communist governments The world becomes divided with countries allied with one of the two superpowers.

Cold War Activity

Formation of the United Nations (UN) Is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War Founded by 51 countries committed: to maintaining international peace and security developing friendly relations among nations promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights

GENERAL ASSEMBLY  Main governing body  191 states, each with its own vote  6 main committees INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE  “World Court”  15 judges selected by the General Assembly  Hears cases brought by nations, not individuals SECURITY COUNCIL  Meets for international emergencies  5 permanent members, each with veto power over any decision (Russia, the U.S. Britain, France and China )  10 other members are elected fro a 2-year term  may recommend sanctions against countries in conflict or send in a Peacekeeping force SECRETARIATE  Supports / administers programs of other UN bodies  Headed by the Secretary- General (Kofi Annan) ECONOMIC and SOCIAL COUNCIL  Coordinates economic and social programs to combat poverty, disease, food, water and energy shortages, pollution and unemployment  Works with both government and non- government organizations (eg: FAO- food / Agric. Org., IMF – International Monetary Fund, UNICEF – UN International Child Emergency Fund) TRUSTEE COUNCIL  Formed to speed up the end of colonialism UN overview