Chemistry 2100 Chapter 25. Nucleic Acids There are two kinds of nucleic acids in cells: –Ribonucleic acids (RNA) –Deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) Both.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chemistry 2100 Lecture 12.

Advertisements

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage.

Nucleic acids Nucleic Acids Information storage.

Macromolecules Three: Nucleic Acids Biology Standard 1d.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage.

Chapter 22 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Human genome sequence.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage.

–DNA functions as the inherited directions for a cell or organism. –How are these directions carried out? Flow of Genetic Information Gene DNA RNA Protein.

Nucleic Acids -DNA and RNA

Chapter 8.2: Nucleic Acid Structure

Biochemistry Lecture 6. Functions of Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Nucleotide Functions: –Energy for metabolism (ATP) –Enzyme cofactors (NAD + ) –Signal.

Biochemistry Lecture 4.

STRUCTURE OF DNA TOPIC

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

DNA: Structure and Function. DNA Structure Deoxyribonucleic acid. A macromolecule composed of two strands of monomers called nucleotides. These strands.

KEY CONCEPT DNA structure is the same in all organisms.

Biochemistry Lecture 6. Functions of Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Nucleotide Functions: –Energy for metabolism (ATP) –Enzyme cofactors (NAD + ) –Signal.

DNA. Nucleic Acids Informational polymers Made of C,H,O,N and P No general formula Examples: DNA and RNA.

Unit 4: Molecular Genetics Left sidePg #Right SidePg # Unit Page58Table of contents59 Double Bubble60C.N. – DNA & RNA Structure 61 DNA & RNA Coloring62.

From DNA to Protein. Knowledge of Nucleic Acid Chemistry Is Essential to the Understanding of DNA Structure.

Regents Biology Nucleic acids: Information molecules.

Regents Biology Nucleic acids: ______________________.

Genetic Material. The Plant Cell Nucleic acids 1.Ribonucleic acids: RNA 2.Deoxyribonucleic acids: DNA, the genetic blueprint of life RNA and DNA are.

AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage Energy Transfer.

AP Biology The Building Blocks  3.3 Nucleic Acids.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage.

MCC BP Based on work by K. Foglia

AP Biology Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids Function: – store & transmit hereditary information polymers = – RNA (ribonucleic acid) – DNA (deoxyribonucleic.

W-H Based on work by K. Foglia. AP Biology Chapter 5. Macromolecules: Nucleic Acids.

And the RACE BEGINS! Once DNA was identified as the genetic molecule the race was on to determine its structure. The combined work of different researchers.

Nucleic Acids Examples DNA RNA ATP DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

DNA, Genes, and Gene Expression Grades 9-12 M. Wetherbee.

Unit 2: Molecular Genetics Bi 1d: Central Dogma Bi 5a: DNA, RNA, protein structure and function Bi 5b: Base pairing rules.

8.2 Structure of DNA KEY CONCEPT DNA structure is the same in all organisms. Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

8.2 Structure of DNA KEY CONCEPT DNA structure is the same in all organisms.

8.2 Structure of DNA DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid. 8.2 Structure of DNA DNA is composed of four types of nucleotides. DNA = long chain of nucleotides. Each.

DNA: Structure and Replication. Two Types of Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids: carry the genetic instructions for all life Nucleic Acid Stands forType of Sugar.

DNA. DNA is the organic molecule Deoxyribonucleic Acid The function of DNA is as a molecule that permanently stores the information or instructions necessary.

Unit 4: DNA & Protein Synthesis Ch 9: Chemistry of the Gene DNA = Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage.

AP Biology Nucleic Acids AP Biology Nucleic acids.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage.

AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage & Energy transfer.

AP Biology. Chapter 5. Macromolecules: Nucleic Acids.

© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Presentation by Cindy S. Malone, PhD, California State University Northridge 4 Nucleic Acids EQ: What is the structure.

And the RACE BEGINS! Once DNA was identified as the genetic molecule the race was on to determine its structure. The combined work of different researchers.

NUCLEIC ACIDS Functions: store and transfer hereditary information (DNA and RNA), and act as energy intermediates (ATP). The monomer of a nucleic acid.

STRUCTURE OF DNA TOPIC

Nucleic Acids Information storage.

DNA STRUCTURE AND REPLICATION

Nucleic Acids Information storage.

DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis

And the RACE BEGINS! Once DNA was identified as the genetic molecule the race was on to determine its structure. The combined work of different researchers.

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Warm-up: DNA What does DNA stand for? Where do we find DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Information molecules

Chapter 12 Section 12-1 Pages

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry CHAPTER 10: Nucleic Acids

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

DNA: the basics.

Structure and function of DNA

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

DNA Structure and Replication

Presentation transcript:

Chemistry 2100 Chapter 25

Nucleic Acids There are two kinds of nucleic acids in cells: –Ribonucleic acids (RNA) –Deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) Both RNA and DNA are polymers built from monomers called nucleotides. A nucleotide is composed of: –A base, a monosaccharide, and a phosphate 3

Purine/Pyrimidine Bases

 -N-glycoside adenosine [a nucleoside] adenosine monophosphate [a nucleotide] 1' 2'3' 5' 4' adenine ribose 9

(- H2O)(- H2O)

(- H2O)(- H2O)

(- H2O)(- H2O)

(- H2O)(- H2O)

(- H2O)(- H2O)

(-H 2 O)

Hydrogen Bonding!

Discovery of DNA Structure One of the most important discoveries in biology Why is this important – " This structure has novel features which are of considerable biological interest “ --- Watson and Crick, Nature, 1953 Good illustration of science in action: –Missteps in the path to a discovery –Value of knowledge –Value of collaboration –Cost of sharing your data too early

Covalent Structure of DNA ( ) Friedrich Miescher isolates “nuclein” from cell nuclei Hydrolysis of nuclein: –phosphate –pentose –and a nucleobase Chemical analysis: –phosphodiester linkages –pentose is ribofuranoside Structure of DNA: 1929 (Levene and London) Structure of DNA: 1935 (Levene and Tipson)

Road to the Double Helix Franklin and Wilkins: –“Cross” means helix –“Diamonds” mean that the phosphate- sugar backbone is outside – Calculated helical parameters Watson and Crick: – Missing layer means alternating pattern (major & minor groove) – Hydrogen bonding: A pairs with T G pairs with C Double helix fits the data! Watson, Crick, and Wilkins shared 1962 Nobel Prize Franklin died in 1958

DNA Replication “It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material” Watson and Crick, in their Nature paper,1953

Step 1: helicase Step 2: DNA polymerase Step 3: DNA ligase