How systems depend on CARBON and CHEMICAL ENERGY

Three Questions Poster QuestionRules to FollowEvidence to Look For The Movement Question: Where are atoms moving? Where are atoms moving from? Where are atoms going to? Atoms last forever in combustion and living systems All materials (solids, liquids, and gases) are made of atoms When materials change mass, atoms are moving When materials move, atoms are moving The Carbon Question: What is happening to carbon atoms? What molecules are carbon atoms in before the process? How are the atoms rearranged into new molecules? Carbon atoms are bound to other atoms in molecules Atoms can be rearranged to make new molecules The air has carbon atoms in CO 2 Organic materials are made of molecules with carbon atoms Foods Fuels Living and dead plants and animals The Energy Question: What is happening to chemical energy? What forms of energy are involved? How is energy changing from one form to another? Energy lasts forever in combustion and living systems C-C and C-H bonds have more stored chemical energy than C-O and H-O bonds We can observe indicators of different forms of energy Organic materials with chemical energy Light Heat energy Motion

Lesson 5 Activity 2 Finding Organic and Inorganic Materials

Why do some things burn and other things do not burn? Why does ethanol behave more like wood than water? Driving question

Why does ethanol behave more like wood than water?

What we see… Macroscopic Scale WATER WOOD ETHANOL 6

Zooming out… Large Scale WOOD (Forest) WATER (ocean and cloud) Petroleum 7

WATER (a single droplet) ETHANOL (a single droplet) WOOD CELLS Zooming in… Microscopic Scale 8

Zooming in… Atomic-molecular Scale Ethanol molecule (C 2 H 5 OH) Water molecule (H 2 O) Cellulose: an important part of wood (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n 9

What ATOMS are found in these materials? Ethanol molecule (C 2 H 5 OH) Water molecule (H 2 O) Cellulose (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n 10 ATOMS FOUND IN EACH MOLECULE: Water: Hydrogen, Oxygen Ethanol: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Wood: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon

BONDS FOUND IN EACH MOLECULE: Water: H-O Ethanol: H-O, C-O, C-H, C-C Wood: H-O, C-O, C- H, C-C What BONDS are found in these materials? Ethanol molecule (C 2 H 5 OH) Water molecule (H 2 O) Cellulose (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n 11

What BONDS are found in these materials? Ethanol molecule (C 2 H 5 OH) Water molecule (H 2 O) Cellulose (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n Chemical Energy Energy found in the bonds of molecules. C-C and C-H bonds means molecules have available chemical energy. So which materials have available chemical energy? 12

MATTER AND ENERGY Every molecule has both ATOMS and BONDS ATOMS TELL YOU ABOUT MATTER BONDS TELL YOU ABOUT ENERGY 13

Card Sort Sort your materials and write your notes on the worksheet. Be sure you can tell the difference between organic and inorganic using their ORIGIN and their MOLECULAR STRUCTURE.

Materials That Burn WATER Materials That Do NOT Burn CARBON DIOXIDE SALT OXYGEN NITROGEN WOOD BUTANE PROPANE ETHANOL 15

What makes these burn? How are these different? WATER CARBON DIOXIDE SALT OXYGEN NITROGEN WOOD PROPANE ETHANOL BUTANE 16

Water, Ethanol, and Wood Ethanol and wood both have C-C and C-H bonds. Ethanol molecule (C 2 H 5 OH) Water molecule (H 2 O) Cellulose (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n 17

ORGANIC INORGANIC --means the molecule has C-C and C-H bonds --means the molecule does not have C-C and C-H bonds WATER CARBON DIOXIDE SALT OXYGEN NITROGEN WOOD BUTANE PROPANE ETHANOL 18

What Makes Up Living Things? Inorganic: Water, minerals; Organic: carbohydrates, fats, proteins Average Human Average Apple Average Chicken WaterCarbo- hydrate ProteinFatMinerals Average human 60%1%15%23%<1% Average apple 85%14%0.5% <1% Average chicken 62%<1%30%8%<1%

Lesson 5 Activity 3 Explaining burning of other materials

Burning materials Methane Butane Ethanol Propane Octane

Slides for Organic v Inorganic Card Sort

Ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) Water

Lipids/FatsButane (C 4 H 10 )