Australian History SS6H6, SS6H8, SS6H9

Essential Questions 4. How did Aborigines migrate to Australia? How are the origins of the Aborigine people explained? Describe their culture. 5. Why did the British colonize Australia and what was the impact of British colonization on the Aborigines? What is the impact of English colonization on the language and religion of Australia?

Vocabulary Penal Colony- a place settled by convicts, or prisoners. Station- a very large sheep or cattle ranch. Convict – a person found guilty of a crime Indigenous- natives Colonization- process of creating a colony Missionary – One sent on a mission to do religious or charitable work. Small Pox – A viral disease that has caused epidemics worldwide.

Indigenous Australians Aborigines – Came from Asia 40,000 years ago – Hunters & gatherers along the coasts & river valleys – Some lived in the Out Back For thousands of years population was stable Lived in small family groups, moved in search of food & water Had strong religious beliefs about nature called “Dreamtime”

Dreamtime Explains origins & culture of land & people. What do they believe? – Era before earth was created, everything spirit, not physical – Everything in natural world is actions of beings whose actions create world. – Every event leaves record in land

Uluru A monolith- a large block of stone Sacred to Aborigines Many springs, waterholes, rock caves, ancient paintings can be found here. Also known as Ayers Rock

Arrival of the Europeans Discovered by Dutch sea captain Abel Janszoon Tasman in the 1600s but at the time there were no settlements established.

The British Are Coming!! In 1769, British captain James Cook explored New Zealand. Then the next year he explored the east coast of Australia. Both areas were claimed for Great Britain.

First Colony in Australia – In 1788, British set up 1 st colony in Australia as penal colony. – In 1851, gold was discovered – In 1901, gained independence

Aborigines Today Since arrival of Europeans, Aborigines have suffered a great deal – People forced off land – Tens of thousands died because of European diseases

– Many forced to work on sheep/cattle stations – They were forced to adopt European culture 200,000 live in Australia now, they have been fighting for their rights, and preserving their culture.

Other people of Australia 1850s Gold Rush brought many people. (ex. Chinese) After WWII many Europeans came to Australia. They came from Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece, Germany. 1970s people fleeing Vietnam War also came to Australia

Review 4. How did Aborigines migrate to Australia? How are the origins of the Aborigine people explained? Describe their culture. 5. Why did the British colonize Australia and what was the impact of British colonization on the Aborigines? What is the impact of English colonization on the language and religion of Australia?

AUSTRALIA TODAY Share British culture, holidays, customs, and pride in British heritage. However, there are differences Australia enjoys high standard of living. Free time spent outdoors, on picnics, or relaxing on the beach.

AUSTRALIA TODAY Economy - Mixed Market Government - Federal parliamentary democracy -Member of the Commonwealth

Essential Questions 6. What is the structure of the Australian government? Why is it similar to Great Britain? 7. What is the economic system of Australia?