Verbs
Action Verbs pg 96-97 zebra The main word in the predicate is the verb and most verbs are action verbs. An action verb shows what the subject does or did in the sentence. Ex: pitch, flew, and ran Action verbs can also show action that you cannot see. Ex: thought and inspires
Direct Objects pg 98-99 zebra A direct object is a word in the predicate that receives the action of a verb. It can be a noun or a pronoun. (A pronoun takes the place of a noun. Ex: him or them.) The direct object answers the question What or Whom after the verb. Ex: The captain steers the big ship. (Steers what? Ship)
Main Verbs and Helping Verbs pg 100-101 zebra A verb may have two parts, a main verb and one or more helping verbs. A main verb shows the action of the sentence. The helping verb works with the main verb and does not show action. The main verb and helping verbs together form a verb phrase. Ex: She is winning the race. Cont…
Common Helping Verbs am are were shall has is was will have had
Linking Verbs pg 102-103 zebra A linking verb links the subject of the sentence with a word or words in the predicate. A linking verb doesn’t show action and it is not a helping verb. It is followed by a word in the predicate that names or describes something. Ex: Anna looks cheerful. (Cheerful describes Anna.) Cont…
Some verbs can be either linking verbs or action verbs. A-The crowd looked at the divers. L- The divers looked tired. (Tired describes divers.) Common Linking Verbs am is are was were will be look feel taste smell seem appear
Present Tense pg 104-105 zebra A verb that tells what the subject is doing right now is in the present tense. You change the form of a verb in the present tense when a singular noun is in the subject. Ex: The ranger sees the campers. You don’t change the form of verbs when they are used with a plural subject or with I or you. Ex: I wave. You wave. The campers wave. Cont…
Rules for Forming the Present Tense 1.) Most verbs: Add –s Ex: get-gets 2.) Verbs ending with s, Ex: push-pushes ch, sh, x and z: mix-mixes Add –es 3.) Verbs ending with a Ex: try-tries Consonant and y: Change y to an i and add –es.
Past Tense pg 106-107 zebra A verb that shows something has already happened is in the past tense. Usually the past tense is formed by adding –ed. But, some verbs may have to undergo a spelling change before you add –ed. Cont..
Rules for Forming the Past Tense 1.) Most Verbs: Ex: play-played Add –ed 2.) Verbs ending with e: Ex: hope-hoped Drop the final e and add ed 3.) Verbs ending with a Ex: study-studied consonant and y: Change y to an i and add –ed. 4.) One-syllable verbs ending Ex: plan-planned with a single vowel and a consonant: Double the final consonant and add -ed
Future Tense pg 108-109 A verb that tells that something is going to happen is in the future tense. To form the future tense of a verb, use the helping verb will or shall with the main verb. Shall is often used with I or we. Ex: She will come with us. We shall stay here this summer.
Subject-Verb Agreement pg 112-113 A present tense verb and its subject must agree in number. If a subject is singular, use the singular form of the verb. If a subject is plural, use the plural form of the verb. Cont…
Rules for Subject-Verb Agreement 1.) Singular subject: Ex: She teaches Add –s or –es to the verb the class. 2.) Plural subject: Ex: The dogs pull Do not add –s or –es the sled. to the verb 3.) I or you: Ex: You write well. Use the plural form of the verb
Agreement with be and have Form of be Singular Subject Present Past I am was You are were He, She, It is was Plural Subject We are were You are were They are were
Form of have Singular Subject Present Past I have had You have had He, She, It has had Plural Subject We have had You have had They have had
Contractions with Not A contraction is a word formed by joining two words, making one shorter word. An apostrophe takes the place of the letter or letters dropped to shorten a word. Examples: do not-don’t must not-mustn’t does not-doesn’t will not-won’t had not-hadn’t should not-shouldn’t cannot- can’t
Regular and Irregular Verbs Regular verbs form the past tense by adding –ed. Irregular verbs do not form the past tense by adding –ed. They have special forms to show the past. Irregular Verb Past Tense Past tense with Helping verb bring brought (has, have, had) brought come came come go went gone make made made run ran run say said said take took taken think thought thought write wrote written
More Irregular Verbs Verb Past Tense Past tense with Helping verb ring rang (has, have, had) rung sing sang sung swim swam swum begin began begun tear tore (has, have, had) torn wear wore worn break broke (has, have, had) broken speak spoke spoken steal stole stolen choose chose chosen freeze froze frozen blow blew (has, have, had) blown grow grew grown know knew known fly flew flown
Verb Phrases with have The helping verb have is often used with the helping verbs could, would, should, and must. These are spoken as contractions: could have could’ve would have would’ve should have should’ve must have must’ve Do not use of with could, would, should, or must Incorrect-You should of seen the parade. Correct-You should have seen the parade.
Teach, Learn; Let, Leave Teach- to give instruction He will teach us history. Learn- to receive instruction We will learn about Rome. Let- to permit Let Kevin go with us. Leave- to go away from We will leave tomorrow. to let remain in place Leave it on the table.
Sit, Set; Can, May Sit-to rest I will sit in the chair. Set- to place or put Set the books down. Can-to be able I can ride my bike well. May-to be allowed May I go to the park?