What kind of changes do you see? Physical Changes Chemical Changes

Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter SC.4.P.9.1 Identify some familiar changes in materials that result in other materials with different characteristics, such as decaying animal or plant matter, burning, rusting, and cooking. SC.4.N.1.6 Keep records that describe observations made, carefully distinguishing actual observations from ideas and inferences about the observations. SC.4.N.1.7 Recognize and explain that scientists base their explanations on evidence. Department of Science

Compare and Contrast Property Changes Property Changes Physical Change Chemical Changes  A physical change is a change in the physical properties of matter. The matter changed in how it looks, but what it is made out of does not change.  A change that takes place when a substance changes in size, shape or form. The particles of matter do not change.  A chemical change is a change in the chemical properties of matter. A chemical change occurs when two or more kinds of matter combine to form a new substance with different properties.  A change that takes place when a substance is completely altered. The particles of matter do change.

Hands On Activity Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter Department of Science Change in Temperature Adapted from American Chemical Society Inquiry in Action

Hands On Activity Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter Department of Science Question to Investigate: Does changing the amount of calcium chloride being mixed with a baking soda solution decrease, increase, or have no effect on the temperature during their chemical reaction? What is calcium chloride? What is baking soda? What are they used for? How can we find out?

Hands On Activity Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter Department of Science Question to Investigate: Does changing the amount of calcium chloride being mixed with a baking soda solution decrease, increase, or have no effect on the temperature during their chemical reaction?

Department of Science Trial #1Trial #2Trial #3Trial #4Average Baking soda solution temperature (°C) Amount of DampRid ( Calcium chloride ) in Teaspoon 34 ½ Highest reaction temperature (°C) DATA TABLE

Conclusion 1.What was investigated? 2. Was your hypothesis supported by the data? 3.What were the major findings? Application 1.How can the investigation be improved? 2.What question(s) has your experiment lead you to ask that could be tested in a new investigation? 3.What are some possible applications of the experiment?

Conclusion 1.What was investigated? How will increasing the amount of calcium chloride (DampRid) mixed with baking soda solution affect temperature change in the chemical reaction was investigated. 2.Was your hypothesis supported by the data? The hypothesis was supported (was not supported) by the data. Increasing the amount of calcium chloride (DampRid) will increase the temperature of the chemical reaction. 3.What were the major findings? In all _____ trials, increasing the amount of calcium chloride (DampRid) increased the temperature of the chemical reaction. The average temperature increase for the ___ trials was __ °C.

Application 1.How can the investigation be improved? Watching out for human error by using better accuracy to measure the amount of the substances and/or to read the thermometer. Using cups with a smaller circumference so that the bulb of the thermometer is submerged deeper. 2. What are some possible applications of the experiment? Increasing the amount of calcium chloride (DampRid) can decrease the amount of humidity in a room. The mixing of calcium chloride (DampRid) and baking soda solution can be used as a source of heat energy to melt ice on roads. (de-icer) 3. What question(s) has your experiment lead you to ask that could be tested in a new investigation? What effect would changing (increasing or decreasing) the amount of baking soda have on the temperature of a chemical reaction? Will the rate at which the gas and white precipitate form increase, decrease, or stay the same as a result of increasing the amount of DampRid?

CER Conclusion Writing Does changing the amount of calcium chloride being mixed with a baking soda solution decrease, increase, or have no effect on the temperature during their chemical reaction? Claim: (The answer to the question) Evidence: (All the evidence you gathered from hands-on investigations.) The evidence includes the clues: the data collected and the observations made. Reasoning: (Why you think the answer is correct.) The reasoning explains how the evidence helps answer the question. Department of Science

CER Conclusion Writing: Sample Answer Question: Does changing the amount of calcium chloride being mixed with a baking soda solution decrease, increase, or have no effect on the temperature during their chemical reaction? Claim: Increasing the amount of calcium chloride (DampRid) mixed with baking soda solution increases the temperature of the chemical reaction between the two substances. Department of Science

CER Conclusion Writing: Sample Answer Evidence: The data collected in the investigation showed the following when the amount of calcium chloride being mixed with a baking soda solution was increased from 3 teaspoons to 4 ½ teaspoons in each of the trials. In trial 1 – the temperature increased from __ °C to __ °C ; In trial 2… (Record data collected in each trial). The average of all trials showed a temperature increase of ___°C when increasing the amount of calcium chloride from 3 teaspoons to 4 ½ teaspoons. Additional signs of a chemical change observed included bubbles and fizzing from the gas being produced and the formation of a solid white substance in the bottom of the cup.

CER Conclusion Writing: Sample Answer Reasoning: An increase in temperature is a sign of a chemical change. The results from the investigation support the claim that increasing the amount of calcium chloride (DampRid) mixed with baking soda solution will increase the temperature of the chemical reaction. In all of the trials the effect of increasing the amount of calcium chloride while keeping the amount of baking soda solution the same increased the temperature of the reaction an average of _____ °C. This evidence confirms that changing the test variable when mixing substances can affect the temperature of the chemical reaction.

Change in Temperature Lab Assessment Rubric Department of Science