Surrogacy and Cloning By: Liz Dove, Ebony Staples, Taylor Cavette, Cassandra Johnson, Megan Canny, & Cassandra Kimberly

Surrogacy Definition: woman who gestates a fetus for others, usually for a couple or another woman – Traditional surrogacy – Gestational surrogacy

Purdy’s Stance on Surrogacy Laura Purdy’s approach to surrogacy: – Pros: Infertility Health risks Disease prevention Non-traditional families – Cons: Baby-selling Potential for coercion

Rothman’s Stance on Surrogacy Paid surrogacy is baby-selling Children are not for sale Fetus is part of the maternal body

Surrogacy – Interesting Fact Traditional Surrogacy Fees – $40,000 - $65,000 Gestational Surrogacy Fees – $75,000 - $100,000

Surrogacy – Major Moral Theories Utilitarian Rule-Utilitarian Kantian Natural Law Theory

Surrogacy vs. Adoption Surrogacy- – Genetic relation to child – Usually cheaper Adoption – No genetic relation to child – Usually more expensive – More difficult to adopt due to scarcity of children

Case of Mary Beth Whitehead Over 20 years ago Whitehead was a surrogate mother for William and Elizabeth Sterns. After the birth on March 27, 1986, Whitehead would not give the baby to the Stern’s and left the state with the infant.

Cloning Definition: the asexual production of a genetically identical entity from an existing one – Important to understand a clone is not a perfect copy of an individual – Instead, a clone is a living thing that shares a set of genetic instructions with another – Video Video

Cloning Reproductive cloning – Creating a genetic duplicate of an adult animal or human – 1997 an adult sheep was cloned, which resulted in the birth of “Dolly”

Author’s Viewpoints

Cloning – Pros & Cons

Cloning – Major Moral Theories Utilitarian - Good verses bad consequences for everyone involved -Cloning is morally admissible -Rule Utilitarian’s view -My View’s on Cloning

Cloning-Major Moral Theories Kantian Deontology -Kant states, “Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own words or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end.” -It is possible by this theory to oppose or defend cloning.

Cloning-Major Moral Theories Natural Law Theory -Moral standards discerned in nature through human reason -Doctrine of Double Effect -Backed by Roman Catholic Church -Morally impermissible

Cloning – Case Studies

Conclusion Cloning- Major Moral Theories -Utilitarian -Kantian Deontology -Natural Law Theory

References Adoption.com. (2010). Surrogacy. Retrieved from Discovery Networks. (2009 April 29). Human cloning [Video file]. Retrieved from JNJ Health. (2009, December 7). Gestational surrogacy [Video file]. Retrieved from Vaughn, L. (2010). Bioethics: Principles, issues, and cases. New York, NY: Oxford.