CMarZ activities in SW Indian Ocean Hans M Verheye – MCM, DEAT CMarZ SG Meeting, ORI Tokyo, 6-8 Nov. 2006.

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Presentation transcript:

CMarZ activities in SW Indian Ocean Hans M Verheye – MCM, DEAT CMarZ SG Meeting, ORI Tokyo, 6-8 Nov. 2006

Funded cooperating project A.12. “Environmental Monitoring and Pelagic Fish Stock Assessment Surveys in South Africa” Zooplankton collections along ± entire SA coast during 2 annual pelagic fish stock assessment surveys since 1984 Vertical Bongo, 200μm, 0-200m Usu. formalin preservation; occasionally also EtOH (CMarZ) Routine taxonomic analysis is currently maintained, but… taxonomic resolution of Benguela Current zooplankton community not adequate, i.e. too coarse + must provide for replacement of ageing/vanishing ‘parataxonomists’ Annual Pel. Spawner Biomass Surveys (November) Annual Pel. Recruit Biomass Surveys (May/June) Benguela Current LME

Need for improvement of taxonomic resolution of Benguela Current zooplankton community (west coast, SE Atlantic) ► ‘Regional Zooplankton Taxonomy and Species Identification Training Course’ Swakopmund, Namibia January 8-19, 2007 Dr Janet Grieve, NZ - 5 Angolans - 5 Namibians - 5 South Africans Funded by: - AP Sloan Foundation (CMarZ) - BCLME - BENEFIT - INIP, NatMIRC, MCM

Shift in the distribution of sardine as seen during annual pelagic fish biomass surveys, summer (the coast has been linearized). Eastward shift from ca onward

Shifts in the distribution of sardine eggs as seen during pelagic spawner biomass surveys, Stratum A = West coast Stratum B = Southwest coast Stratum C = Western Agulhas Bank (WAB) Stratum D = Central Agulhas Bank (CAB) Stratum E = Eastern Agulhas Bank (EAB)

Funded cooperating project A.12. “Environmental Monitoring and Pelagic Fish Stock Assessment Surveys in South Africa” Zooplankton collections along ± entire SA coast during 2 annual pelagic fish stock assessment surveys since 1984 (+ongoing) South Coast: Recent eastward shift of sampling area, driven by shift of pelagic fish outside “traditional” Benguela Current waters, into Agulhas Current influenced waters  unfamiliar zooplankton community to be analysed  Need for additional training in species ID of SW Indian Ocean zooplankton Annual Spawner Biomass Surveys (November) Annual Recruit Biomass Surveys (May/June) E-ward shift

Coelacanths are found along East African coast, Comoros and Madagascar Funded cooperating project A.13. “African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme – ACEP”

Environmental Monitoring Sites (currents/ Temperature) March present

Environmental + Plankton sampling FRS Algoa

Hj Hb hn APRIL-MAY 2003 JULY-AUGUST 2002 JULY-AUGUST 2003 Oblique Bongo sampling: 300 μm – frozen (isotope studies) 500 μm – preserved in formalin (primarily ichthyoplankton)

Locations of deep (0-800m) vertical bongo hauls C. carinatus found in deep water ( m) C. carinatus found in standard depth (0-200m) vertical bongo samples AUG.-SEPT Vertical Bongo sampling: - 64 samples (46 in Delagoa Bight, 8 off Tanzania, 4 off Comoros Isles, 6 across Moçambique channel) μm – all preserved in formalin - all samples analysed - 12 deep (0-800 m) samples to check for Calanoides carinatus ? and for CMarZ purposes – EtOH preserved

Delagoa Bight – Maputaland April 2005 Transkei May 2005 APRIL-MAY 2005 Vertical Bongo sampling: 51 samples μm – preserved in formalin - all samples analysed - 3 deep (0-800 m) samples to check for Calanoides carinatus ? and for CMarZ purposes – EtOH preserved No zooplankton samples

APRIL-MAY 2006 AUG.-SEPT SEPTEMBER 2005 Vertical Bongo sampling: μm – preserved in formalin - some 100 μm – in EtOH - samples being analysed - some m samples to check for Calanoides carinatus ? - several preserved in EtOH for CMarZ purposes

2/8 ACEP cruises analysed thus far: - High diversity, low abundances; - uncertainty w.r.t. species ID common; - help from Kenyan zooplanktologist (Mr James Mwandawiro Mwaluma, Kenya Marine & Fisheries Research Institute, Monbasa); - especial difficulties: spp. of Eu-/Subeu-/Pareu-calanus. and Acro-/Calo-/Clauso-/Ischno-/Para-calanus; PLAN:  joint Indian Ocean Zooplankton Identification Training Course with other Indian Ocean Zooplanktologists Funding: - AP Sloan (CMarZ)? - ASCLME ? - Various national Govt Institutions?

“MADEX” RRS Discovery Feb Original cruise plan (Phys./Chem. Oceanography) Actual cruise track EtOH-genetics Cruise-of-opportunity for: - zooplankton collections in little-researched area - elucidation of distribution range of Calanoides carinatus ? - training (Sakhile Tsotsobe)

21 MadEx samples analysed: - high diversity; - uncertain ID of numerous species; - assistance from PhD student who worked in Tasmania, Australia helpful but not sufficient ► need for ‘Indian Ocean Zooplankton Identification Training Course’ re-emphasized - one species “looked like Calanoides carinatus, but not certain as to its true identity”

Calanoides carinatus ZooGene project – mtCOI analysis UPGMA Ann Bucklin (UConn) 24 Sep 2006 Clade 1: Spain Angola Namibia S. Africa Clade 2: Argentina Brazil (incl. specimens from type locality) 15 Aug 2006 Clade 1: Spain Angola Namibia S. Aftica Clade 2: Brazil Argentina Clade 3: Arabian Sea some Brazil some Argentina