Characteristics of Stars. Distances To The Stars Stars are separated by vast distances. Astronomers use units called light years to measure the distance.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 30 Section 1 Stars, Galaxies and the Universe
Advertisements

Stars.
Stars Mr. Skirbst Physical Science Topic 25. Stars Composition: - determined by spectral analysis - hydrogen (60 – 80%) - helium (20 – 30%) - other (O,
Characteristics of Stars Analyze how stars are classified based on their physical characteristics.
CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS. A star is a ball of gas that gives off a tremendous amount of electromagnetic radiation. The energy comes from a process called.
Star Notes Everything scientist know about a star they determined by looking at a dot. .
Stars Characteristics
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagrams. What is a star? A cloud of gas, mainly hydrogen and helium The core is so hot and dense that nuclear fusion can occur. The.
How Do Astronomers Measure the Brightness of a Star?  Stars vary greatly in brightness  Early peoples observed bright stars and grouped them into constellations.
Characteristics of Stars TLC Sun Video 14
Stars.
10/23/2015 Stars Characteristics. Classifying Stars Color Temperature Size Composition/Mass Brightness.
Characteristics of Stars
Stars.
Classifying Stars Color Temperature Size Composition/Mass Brightness.
26.2 Stars Proxima Centauri, the red star at the center, is the closest star to the sun.
So You Wanna’ Be A STAR Characteristics of Stars Stellar Evolution.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 10 Measuring the Stars.
Chapter 15 – Stars, Galaxies and the Universe. Chapter 15 – History of the Universe Section 2 – Characteristics of Stars Section 2 – Characteristics of.
Evidence of the Big Bang Theory
 Stars can be classified in three ways:  Size – How massive the star is  Temperature – A stars color reveals its temperature. ▪ Red stars have a cooler.
Chapter 22 Stars.
Characteristics of Stars
Ch. 28 The Stars Properties of Stars ???
Chapter 27 Stars and Galaxies Section 1 Characteristics of Stars Notes 27-2.
Classification of Stars – HR diagram Objectives: understand the differences between near and bright visible stars learn how to use the HR-diagram to classify.
Compare the life cycle of a star with that of a human.
Properties of Stars. Star Color – the color of a star is a clue to its temperature a.The coolest stars are red b.The medium stars are yellow c.The hottest.
How Do Astronomers Measure the Brightness of a Star? Stars vary greatly in brightness Stars vary greatly in brightness Early peoples observed bright stars.
Characteristics of Stars. Distances and Size Magnitude Elements Mass and Temperature.
Ch. 27 Stars and Galaxies Ch Characteristics of Stars.
Characteristics of Stars There are millions of stars in the universe, but they are very far apart. Because of this, distances between stars are measured.
Stars. Constellations -Patterns of stars in the sky A constellation looks like spots of light arranged in a particular shape against the dark night.
Stars, starlight AND Light Information. OUTCOME QUESTION(S): S1-4-06: How do astronomers measure the great distances in the universe? S1-4-07: What can.
Characteristics of Stars Basics Star = body of gas Gives off heat & light Vary in size, color, composition, temperature & brightness.
Characteristics of Stars
Characteristics of Stars. What is a Star? A star is a large collection of matter that emits huge amounts of energy The sun is the most important star.
1 1.Uri looks through a telescope for two stars. He knows that both stars have the same absolute brightness and that the second star is twice as far from.
CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS. LEARNING GOALS  I will be able to explain the colour, mass, and temperature of a star.  I will be able to distinguish between.
Section 15.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS.  Constellation: imaginary patterns of stars  Orion: the hunter, was named after a Greek myth  Stars in a constellation.
 The H-R Diagram is actually a graph that illustrates the relationship that exists between the average surface temperature of stars and their absolute.
Characteristics of Stars. Distances and Size Magnitude Elements Mass and Temperature.
Chapter 19 Stars, galaxies and the Universe. Section 1 Stars.
26.2 Stars Stars Chapter 26.2 ParallaxParallax Video Lecture Birth of StarsBirth of Stars Video Lecture.
Stars Distances to stars: Although the sky seems full of stars, most of the universe is empty space (about 75%) This contradiction exist because most stars.
Study Guide Answers Stars and Galaxies SUBTITLE. Study Guide Answers #1 A telescope is an instrument that helps to focus light to allow far off objects.
How Stars are Classified 1.Temperature 2.Brightness.
Earth Science Ms. Cordaro San Marcos High School
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (a.k.a. H-R Diagram)
Characteristics of Stars
Section 2 – pg 598 Characteristics of Stars
Star Classes Los Cumbres Observatory.
Distance to the Stars How can the distance to a star be measured? The apparent change in position of an object with respect to a distant background is.
Stars.
STARS Chapter 8 Section 1.
Stars.
Star Classification.
Proxima Centauri, the red star at the center, is the closest star to the sun. A star is a large, glowing ball of gas in space, which generates energy through.
Stars.
Chapter 15 – Stars, Galaxies and the Universe
Characteristics of Stars
Classifying Stars Stars are classified by 3 Main Characteristics:
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (a.k.a. H-R Diagram)
Characteristics of Stars
Star Classification.
Stellar position, distance, and properties
A star is a large, glowing ball of gas in space, which generates energy through nuclear fusion in its core. The closest star to Earth is the sun, which.
Distance to the Stars How can the distance to a star be measured?
Classifying Stars Color Temperature Size Composition/Mass Brightness.
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (a.k.a. H-R Diagram)
Presentation transcript:

Characteristics of Stars

Distances To The Stars Stars are separated by vast distances. Astronomers use units called light years to measure the distance of stars A light-year is the distance that light travels in a vacuum in a year Proxima Centauri, is the closest star to the sun.

Parallax Astronomers have developed various methods of determining the distance of stars. The change in position of an object with respect to a distant background is called parallax. As Earth moves in its orbit, astronomers are able to observe stars from two different positions. Astronomers measure the parallax of nearby stars to determine their distance from Earth

Characteristics of Stars The Sun is an average star: it’s not hot or cool it’s not large or small. We can compare stars by temperature, size, & brightness.

The Sun is larger than 95% of the stars. Dwarf Star Sun Giant Star Super Giant Star

Color and Temperature Color: Stars range in color from red, orange, yellow, white, to blue. Red Yellow (Sun) > Blue Temperature: Stars range in temperature from 2000 o C o C o C o C (Sun) > o C

Color and Temperature Color and temperature are linked. The 2000 o C stars are red in color. The o C stars are blue in color. The o C stars are blue in color.

Color and Temperature colorTemp. Range ( o C )Examples Blue25000 – Zeta Orionis Bluish-white – Rigel, Spica White Vega, Sirius Yellowish-white Polaris, Procyon Yellow Sun, Alpha Centauri Orange Arcturus, Aldebaran Red Betelgeuse, Antares

Brightness Brightness is related to the distance from the earth and the age of the star. Hipparchus developed the idea of classifying stars by their brightness. 1 st magnitude stars are the brightest 6 th magnitude stars are the weakest

Apparent Magnitude – refers to the brightness of a star as it appears to us. Absolute Magnitude – refers to the actual amount of light given off by a star at a standard distance.

HR Diagram An HR diagram shows the two most important characteristics of stars, which are temperature and absolute magnitude (brightness) and/or luminosity. Scientists plot the surface temperatures of stars and their brightness on a graph.

Spectrum Spectroscope: Used to measure the chemical composition of the stars. (also temperature and direction the star is moving in relation to the Earth.) How? Set up a spectroscope with different tubes; each gas has different spectras – light patterns.

Questions 1. How is the color of a star related to its temperature? The color of a star depends on its temperature, from red and orange (cool stars) to yellow and white (hotter stars) to blue (very hot stars). 2. Explain why a cooler star could actually appear brighter than a hotter star. A cool star, such as a red giant, could be either closer to us or much larger than a hotter star, such as a white dwarf. (Could be closer and larger)