Radial Ball Bearing Product Overview 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Bearing Product Overview This presentation will clarify some of the basic design concepts and uses of needle roller bearings, or NRBs. Needle roller bearings are power dense based on their cross section and provide customers with a wide variety of solutions. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Topics Covered Features of the radial ball bearing (RBB) 5/17/2007 Topics Covered Features of the radial ball bearing (RBB) Advantages and disadvantages Types 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Radial Ball Bearing Components 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Bearing Components Cage or retainer (Optional) Outer race, ring or cup Inner race, ring or cone Balls 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

RBB Features Typically single row Typically have a cage 5/17/2007 RBB Features Typically single row Typically have a cage Simplest, most common type of antifriction bearing Largest sales volume of all bearing designs Most ball bearings have the balls arranged in a single row around the race. You will also see that some bearings have two or more rows of rolling elements. Most ball bearings have a cage that’s needed to maintain appropriate spacing of the balls. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

RBB Features Point contact 5/17/2007 RBB Features Point contact Not adjustable Point Contact Most ball bearings have the balls arranged in a single row around the race. You will also see that some bearings have two or more rows of rolling elements. Most ball bearings have a cage that’s needed to maintain appropriate spacing of the balls. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Radial Ball Bearings Advantages Multiple design configurations 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Bearings Advantages Multiple design configurations Low rotational friction Handles combined loads High speed Low cost Disadvantages Low radial load capacity Low axial load capacity Bearing-quality shaft and housing seat required Narration: Ball bearings are a very versatile design, able to tolerate a range of loads and speeds, and used in numerous applications. They have the advantage of very low rotational friction, and can withstand substantial radial and thrust load in both directions. Ball bearings are one of the lowest-cost designs. The main disadvantage of ball bearings is that they require a tight shaft tolerance to ensure proper installation. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

5/17/2007 Misalignment Contact Angle σ Ball bearings can operate with up to 1/3 degree (.006 radians) angle of misalignment without serious life reduction Ball bearings can operate with up to 1/3 degree angle of misalignment without serious life reduction. This statement is derived from moment load testing that resulted in the following: 1/4 degree of misalignment had no detrimental effect on L10 life while greater than 1/2 degree of misalignment yielded significant loss of L10 life. Contact Angle Bearing Centerline 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Ball Bearings Radial ball Angular ball Thrust ball Double-row ball 5/17/2007 Ball Bearings Radial ball Angular ball Thrust ball Double-row ball Super precision Wide inner ring Narration We’ll start with ball bearings. Timken offers a range of different products based on the ball bearing design. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Fafnir Radial Ball Bearings 5/17/2007 Fafnir Radial Ball Bearings Conrad-type with deep-groove construction handles radial and axial loads from either direction Maximum-capacity type supports primarily radial loading Extremely wide variety of sizes Broad range from extra-light to heavy series Variety of shield and seal configurations Size Range 3mm - 1500mm bore (0.12 – 69 inches) Narration: The Conrad-type bearing with deep-groove construction handles radial loads, as well as axial loads from either direction. The maximum capacity design primarily supports radial loading. Fafnir radial ball bearings come in a wide variety of sizes and capacities, from extra light to heavy duty, and are available with different shield and seal configurations. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Conrad “Deep Groove” Design 5/17/2007 Conrad “Deep Groove” Design Conrad designation indicates assembly method shown below The Conrad designation indicates an assembly method that does not require a loading slot for ball placement. In this design, the balls are loaded into the inner and outer rings as shown on the left. To center the inner ring in the assembly, the outer ring is pressed slightly at the 12 o’clock and 6 o'clock positions until a slight amount of elastic deformation occurs. This allows the balls at the 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock positions to move radially outward just enough to permit passage of the inner ring toward the center. Once this takes place, the rings can be centered and the balls equally spaced in the assembly as shown on the right. At this time the retainer or cage is ready to be installed. Rings offset to load balls Rings centered 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Conrad “Deep Groove” Bearings 5/17/2007 Conrad “Deep Groove” Bearings Identified with a “K” suffix Example 205K Conrad bearings are “snapped” together Internal clearance is predetermined Have a retainer Can support thrust in both directions Most common bearing used worldwide Conrad designed ball bearings are identified with a K suffix in the part number. They are snapped together during assembly and the radial internal clearance is predetermined with the components being selected accordingly. The radial internal clearance cannot be adjusted once the bearing is placed in service. Each Conrad style deep groove ball bearing will have a retainer although their styles may differ. These bearings can support a small amount of thrust load in both directions. These are by far the most common bearings used worldwide in a wide variety of applications and in many different environments. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Maximum Capacity Bearings 5/17/2007 Maximum Capacity Bearings “Max capacity” bearings carry higher loads than Conrad design, because the loading slots allow addition of extra balls Maximum capacity ball bearings or “max capacity” bearings can carry higher radial loads than Conrad design ball bearings. This is accomplished by the addition of a loading slot in the inner and outer rings. This allows the addition of extra balls once the inner ring is centered in the bearing assembly. These extra balls provide greater load distribution and allow for more load to be carried in the same bearing envelope. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Maximum Capacity Bearings 5/17/2007 Maximum Capacity Bearings Identified with a “W” Suffix Example 205W Same envelope dimension as Conrad Have a retainer Carry high radial load; not for thrust loads Referred to as: “Filling slot” bearings “Gear box” bearings Max capacity bearings are identified with a W suffix in the part number. As shown in the previous slide, these bearings have a loading slot that permits extra balls to be added in the same envelope dimensions as a similar Conrad style bearing. After the extra balls are added and evenly distributed, a retainer can then be installed. As the saying goes, “Mother nature giveth with one hand and taketh away with the other”. Because the loading slot is furnished in the inner and outer rings at the bearing shoulder allowing for the addition of load-carrying balls, radial load is increased. But, this is done at the expense of thrust capacity. This feature does not permit thrust loading of the bearing shoulders and should not be used in applications where thrust loading is present. This style of bearing is also referred to as filling slot bearings or gear box bearings. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Fafnir Angular Contact Ball Bearings 5/17/2007 Fafnir Angular Contact Ball Bearings Combined radial and axial (one direction) load capacity Ball contact angles designed for higher axial loads Contact angles range from 20° to 40° Higher load capacity provides longer service life than industry standard ball bearings Narration: Fafnir angular contact ball bearings combine radial and axial load carrying capability. The ball contact angle provides for higher axial loads, with angles ranging from 20 to 40°. The higher load capacity of this bearing design provides longer service life. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Fafnir Angular Contact Ball Bearings 5/17/2007 Fafnir Angular Contact Ball Bearings Single and double row designs for different requirements Single-row has high thrust capacity in one direction Duplex mounting in sets for thrust loads from both directions with increases stiffness Narration: Angular contact bearings are available in single and double row configurations. When a ball bearing is used in an application with combined radial and thrust load or a thrust load only, the single row angular contact is usually the best selection, although the single row bearing has high thrust capacity in one direction only. The duplex mounting provides high thrust capacity in both directions, with the radial capacity of two bearings. These bearings are predominately found in pump applications. Live Class [Additional information] Double row angular contact ball bearings provide the radial capacity of 2 bearings. As with radial ball bearings all major competitors produce these bearings. SKF/MRC are the market leaders. These bearings are predominately found in pump applications. They are used in ANSI grade pumps used in water and sewage systems and API grade pumps for the petro chemical systems (refineries). 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Fafnir Double Row Ball Bearings 5/17/2007 Fafnir Double Row Ball Bearings Same bore and OD as single row designs Width is less than width of two single row bearings Bore sizes 10 to 100 mm (0.39- 3.9 in), dependent on series Narration: Double row ball bearings are available in the same bore and OD as the single row designs, but the width of a double row bearing is less than the width of two single row bearings. Bore sizes are available from 10 to 100 mm. Live Class [Additional information:] This series is designated as the 5000 series. Double Row bearings are usually only made to ABEC 1 tolerances. It is rare to find any other precision for this type of bearing. 59100 series (similar to competitor’s 3000, 5000 series)- very limited offering 5200 series (similar to competitor’s 3200, 5200 series)- most popular 5300 series (similar to competitor’s 3300, 5300 series)-2nd most popular 5400 series (similar to competitor’s 3400, 5400 series)-very limited offering Bore Size (Metric) 10 mm = 00 12 mm = 01 15 mm = 02 17 mm = 03 20 mm = 04 04 and up = bore in mm divide by 5 (i.e.: 50mm bore equals “10” bore size) Or 04 and up time 5 = the bore in mm (i.e.: “09” bore equals 45 mm bore Inch Series - we will consider making specials with inch envelope dimensions 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Thrust Ball Bearings Axial design supports thrust loads only 5/17/2007 Thrust Ball Bearings Axial design supports thrust loads only Low torque generation due to point contact High operating speed range Standard and precision grade available Narration: Thrust ball bearings support axial loads only, and provide optimum performance in high-speed, light load applications. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Super Precision Ball Bearings 5/17/2007 Super Precision Ball Bearings Designed for higher speeds, accuracy and rigidity than standard ball bearings Super precision ABEC-7 and ABEC-9 tolerances 15° and 25° contact angles for combined radial and axial loads 60° contact angle for axial loads and ball screw applications Narration: One of Timken’s superprecision product offerings is the Fafnir superprecision ball bearings, which are available in both radial and thrust designs. All of the superprecision ball products have ABEC 7 or ABEC 9 tolerances. Bearings are available in 15° or 25° contact angles, with a 60° degree contact angle available for high axial loads and ball screw applications. The HX series is available for high speed applications. Live Class [Additional information:] One of Timken’s superprecision product offering is Fafnir superprecision ball bearings. Fafnir has a radial and thrust superprecision ball bearing product offering. All of the superprecision ball products have ABEC 7 (ISO P4) or ABEC 9 ( ISO P2) tolerances. They are also designed for high speeds, accuracy and rigidity. The Fafnir superprecision radial ball product: Comes in 15° or 25° contact angles. Has series specifically designed for high speeds called the “HX”. Only is offered with a 60° degree contact angle. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Fafnir Wide Inner Ring Bearings 5/17/2007 Fafnir Wide Inner Ring Bearings Single-row ball bearing carries radial, axial and combination loads Spherical OD provides static misalignment capability Seal designs allow for operation in contaminated conditions Choice of locking device, seals, retainer, lubricant, and coatings provides best possible product style for a specific application Narration: There are several advantages to this design. It’s a single row design that’s able to carry radial, axial or combination loads. The spherical OD provides some misalignment capability. The bearing comes in sealed designs that allow it to operate in contaminated conditions. And finally, a wide variety of locking devices, seals, retainers, lubricants and coatings make it possible to configure the bearing for specific applications. One disadvantage of the wide inner ring bearing, compared to a radial ball, is that the calculated life of the bearing is reduced with the slip fit. Live Class Most applications utilize WIR bearings that incorporate a spherical ground outer ring to provide some static misalignment at assembly. Unlike radial and angular contact bearings that have a line to line or press fit on a shaft, WIR and Housed Units are slip fit on a shaft to facilitate ease of assembly and then disassembly when machine repair is required. Over the years Timken’s numerous seal innovations have been recognized as the best in the industry. These seal designs were developed to allow WIR bearings to operate in harsh environments. One disadvantage of having a WIR Bearing as opposed to a radial is that the calculated life of the bearing is reduced with a slip fit. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Fafnir Wide Inner Ring Bearings 5/17/2007 Fafnir Wide Inner Ring Bearings Designed for ease of mounting No special shaft or housing seat machining required Self-locking collar or setscrew locking device Loose fit on shaft provides ease of installation and disassembly Extended inner ring provides maximum shaft support Available as inserts in a wide variety of housed units Narration: With its spherical OD and loose shaft fit, the Fafnir wide inner ring bearing is easy to mount. It doesn’t require special machining on the shaft or housing seat. It includes self-locking collar or setscrew, so no shoulder, locknuts or adapters are required for mounting. The loose fit on the shaft provides ease of installation and disassembly. The extended inner ring provides maximum shaft support Wide inner ring bearings are available as inserts in a wide variety of housed units. 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview

Radial Ball Bearing Product Overview 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Bearing Product Overview 5/17/2007 Radial Ball Product Overview