Workshop 1 Grammar

The Simple Sentence Subject+Predicate+Complete Thought =simple sentence oA simple sentence is also called an independent clause.

Find the subject and the predicate  The frog is an amphibian.  Amphibians live on land and in water.  Other amphibians are toads and salamanders.  A salamander can regrow a lost tail or leg.  Strong hind legs make frogs excellent jumpers.

Independent Clauses An independent clause contains a subject, verb, and makes sense when it stands by itself. oThe child’s endless crying is very disturbing to her parents. oColds, flu, and other respiratory infections happen frequently in the winter and cause absences from work. oJames got a cup of coffee and turned on his computer.

Are you getting it?  dUXxdmhIsw dUXxdmhIsw  Just checking…

The Compound Sentence A compound sentence is made up of two or more simple sentences (independent clauses) joined by one of the following: oA comma and a coordinating conjunction oA semicolon

Coordinating Conjunctions Remember the coordinating conjunctions by the acronym: FANBOYS F for A and N nor B but O or Y yet S so

Examples of Compound Sentences oA comma and a coordinating conjunction: I like to study grammar, and I love this class. oA semicolon: I like to study grammar; I love this class. Without a comma and coordinating conjunction or a semicolon, it would be a run on.

Compound Sentences  The sun is just a star but it is the center of our solar system  Nine planets orbit the sun the sun revolves around the Milky Way.  Earth revolves around the sun in 365 days and this determines the length of a year.

Now, let’s review  6pDSjOcFM3U 6pDSjOcFM3U  Wasn’t that FUN??

The Complex Sentence oA complex sentence is a complete thought (independent clause) to which an incomplete thought (dependent clause) has been added. o A subordinating conjunction joins the dependent clause to the independent clause. oBecause I like to study grammar, I love this class. oI love this class because I like to study grammar.

The dependent clause needs the rest of the sentence for support. Because you love me, I love you. Dependent clause Independent clause Complex Sentence

A dependent clause contains a subject and verb. It does not express a complete thought because it begins with a subordinating conjunction. A dependent clause is also called a subordinate clause. A dependent clause is a FRAGMENT! Because you love me. Fragment! Dependent Clause

Common Subordinating (Dependent) Conjunctions See Foundations First, p. 187 aftereven ifnow thatthatwhere althougheven though oncethoughwhereas asifrather thanunlesswherever as ifwheneversinceuntilwhether becausein order that so thatwhenwhich beforethanin casewhile

Dependent Clauses A dependent clause contains a subject(s) and verb(s), but it does not make sense when it stands by itself because it begins with a subordinating conjunction that joins it to an independent clause. oBecause she has had a terrible cold all week oWhen I got to the office and checked my this morning oAfter Maria and Hector waited for an hour in the doctor’s office

Punctuation for Complex Sentences Commas are used to join a dependent clause to an independent clause if the dependent clause comes first in the sentence. The comma must follow the dependent clause. As I walked down the hallway, I could hear the echo of my footsteps.

Punctuation for Complex Sentences No comma is used when the dependent clause comes after the independent clause. Then, the clauses are joined without any punctuation. I could hear the echo of my footsteps as I walked down the hallway.

Punctuation for Complex Sentences Since dependent clauses are only part of a sentence, you can never use a semicolon to connect them to another sentence. Semicolons are only used between complete sentences. oI have loved you for years ; although I never admitted it. oI have loved you for years although I never admitted it. OK No!

Hooray! Time for another review.  b9zYa8oHi78 b9zYa8oHi78  Maybe not as fun as the Beibs, but still some fun!

The Compound-Complex Sentence oA compound-complex sentence is the last and most complicated type of sentence. oIt contains at least one dependent clause and at least two independent clauses.

A dependent clause added to two or more independent clauses. Because we are a family, I love you, and you love me. Independent clauses Dependent clause Compound-Complex Sentence

Practice…  To watch Carlee dribbling a basketball in the driveway, neighbors would stop their cars in the street when she was just two years old.  To watch Carlee dribbling a basketball in the driveway when she was just two years old, neighbors would stop their cars in the street.  When Carlee was just two years old, neighbors would stop their cars in the street to watch her dribbling a basketball in the driveway.  Neighbors would stop their cars in the street to watch Carlee in the driveway when she was just two yers old, dribbling a basketball

Practice…  Would her disability get in the way of her passion!  Would her disability get in the way of her passion:  Would her disability get in the way of her passion?  Would her disability get in the way of her passion.

Here’s another one  She fell in love instantly, the fast pace of the game was exciting. And she enjoyed the challenge of dribbling, passing, and shooting while trying to control a wheelchair.  She fell in love instantly. The fast pace of the game was exciting, and she enjoyed the challenge of dribbling, passing and shooting while trying to control a wheelchair.  She fell in love instantly, the fast pace of the game was exciting. She enjoyed the challenge of dribbling, passing, and shooting while trying to control a wheelchair.  She fell in love instantly, the fast pace of the game was exciting, and she enjoyed the challenge of dribbling, passing and shooting while trying to control a wheelchair.

One more  At the 2008 Paralympic Games in Beijing, she did it again?  At the 2008 Paralympic Games in Beijing, she did it again,  At the 2008 Paralympic Games in Beijing, she did it again!  At the 2008 Paralympic Games in Beijing, she did it again

You are on a roll…  When she was only 17 years old, Carlee made the U.S. Paralympic Women’s Wheelchair Basketball team.  When she was only 17 years old. Carlee made the U.S. Paralympic Women’s Wheelchair Basketball team.  When she was only 17 years old, making the U.S. Paralympic Women’s Wheelchair Basketball team.  When she was only 17 years old, made the U.S. Paralympic Women’s Wheelchair Basketball team.

Maybe it’s just luck? Try again.  The Paralympic Games, being the Olympic games for people with disabilities.  The Paralympic Games are the Olympic games for people with disabilities.  The Paralympic Games. The Olympic games for people with disabilities.  The Paralympic Games, the Olympics games for people with disabilities.

OK – last one…  When she went to compete on her team, Carless was by far the youngest player in the Paralympic Games in Greece in  Carlee was by far the youngest player when she went to compete in the 2004 summer Paralympic Games in Greece with her team.  Carlee, when she went to compete in the 2004 Paralympic Games, was by far the youngest player on her team.  Carlee was by far the youngest player on her team when she went to compete in the 2004 Paralympic Games in Greece.

OOPS, I lied THIS is the last one…  In the Middle East, where wars have left many people without their legs, Carlee has now decided to organize wheelchair basketball.  Where wars have left many people without their legs, now Carlee has decided to organize wheelchair basketball in the Middle East.  Now Carlee has decided to organize wheelchair basketball in the Middle East, where wars have left many people without their legs.  Now Carlee has decided in the Middle East to organize wheelchair basketball, where wars have left many people without their legs.

SimpleCompound Complex Compound- complex Since every sentence in English fits into one of these four categories,