GCSE Physical Education The Link Between Exercise, Diet, Work & Rest

Learning Objectives By the end of this lesson pupils should: Understand the links between - Exercise - Diet - Work - Rest Explain the requirements and factors of a balanced diet

The Importance of a Balanced Diet What do you understand by the word ‘Diet’?

The Importance of a Balanced Diet People adopt diets for different reasons: Moral reasons Religious reasons Control body composition Diet is an essential part of providing energy needed to work and exercise, and also to rest and repair muscles tissues.

Energy Balance

Energy Balance Energy balance must be considered: calories in = calories out Active people use more energy so they need more calories in their diet... For example Michael Phelps

38 world records & 14 Olympic Gold medals... More than any Olympian Michael Phelps 38 world records & 14 Olympic Gold medals... More than any Olympian

What are carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates give us energy There are 2 types of carbohydrates: - Complex carbohydrates - Simple carbohydrates Carbohydrates are stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen This is quickly converted to glucose and used to provide energy

Complex Carbohydrates Often referred to as starch and found in natural foods such as bananas, brown bread, nuts, and potatoes These help provide energy to exercise and should form about 50% of our daily intake These provide a slower, longer-lasting release of energy and contribute to long term health

Simple Carbohydrates These are known as sugars In their natural form they are found in fruit and vegetables. Refined sugars are found in chocolate and confectionary

Are fats important in a balanced diet?

Fats Provide energy, together with glycogen, to help muscles work Fats are found in butter, cooking oil, bacon, cheese, etc. Daily intake of fats to provide necessary energy should be about 30% of total diet

Proteins comes in two types of food...

Proteins Important to help build muscles and repair damaged tissue Proteins are also used to provide energy once carbohydrates have been used up Proteins are found in animal protein and plant or vegetable protein

Types of Proteins Animal proteins are found in meat, fish, milk, cheese, eggs, etc. Plants or vegetable proteins are found in nuts, bread, potatoes, pasta, rice, etc.

Calcium helps the growth of what? Minerals - Calcium Calcium helps the growth of what?

Calcium Important during growing up as it helps the formation and strengthening of bones and teeth Milk, cheese and cereals are the main sources of calcium in the diet Strong bones are needed in order to withstand the impact of exercise

What foods contain iron? Minerals - Iron What foods contain iron?

Iron Important for blood to help it carry oxygen and form red blood cells Without iron, it would be impossible for oxygen to carry blood around the body Many foods contain iron, but iron in meat is absorbed more easily

What minerals do these foods represent? Other Minerals What minerals do these foods represent?

Other Minerals Sodium is needed for regulating body water content Potassium is important to the functioning of cells Trace elements such as zinc and selenium are needed in very small amounts

What vitamin are oranges a good source of? Vitamins What vitamin are oranges a good source of?

Vitamins Vitamin A - found in milk, cheese and carrots Needed for vision/prevent night blindness Vitamin B1 - found in whole grains, nuts and meat Needed to release carbohydrates Vitamin C - found in fruits and vegetables Needed to help healing and fighting infection and the maintenance of bones, teeth and gums

Vitamins Vitamin D - found in milk, fish, liver, eggs and sunshine Needed for the absorption of calcium Vitamin E - found in vegetable oil, wholemeal bread and cereals Needed for growth and development A balanced supply of vitamins is essential for the body to function properly and therefore important to a balanced healthy lifestyle

Water Why do we need water?

Water Water accounts for about half of body weight Holds oxygen and transports nutrients, waste and hormones around the body During exercise, water is important to control temperature and to prevent dehydration

Why is fibre important in a balanced diet?

Fibre Fibre adds to the functioning of the digestive system Fibre is found in the leaves, stems, roots, seeds and fruits of plants Without fibre the digestive system would not be able to get rid of wastes products and therefore could lead to many diseases

What is meant by the term wellbeing?

Wellbeing Diet makes an important and valuable contribution to wellbeing and the ability to function A balanced diet provides all the nutrients needed to exercise and work Appropriate rest periods are necessary to allow the body to repair

Learning Objectives (revisited) By the end of this lesson pupils should: Understand the links between - Exercise - Diet - Work - Rest Explain the requirements and factors of a balanced diet

Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask Thank you Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask