English Language Arts Level 7 #31 Ms. Walker

Today’s Objectives Latin Root Words Review Sentence Writing Review Sentence Construction Idiom of the Day

Part 1- Root Words hyper - too much, over, excessive, beyond hyper active – very restless; hyper critical – too critical; hyper tension – above normal pressure.

Root Words infra - beneath, below infra structure – underlying framework of a system; infra red – below the regular light spectrum.

Root Words kilo – thousand kilo byte – 1,000 bytes; kilo meter – 1,000 meters; kilo grams – 1,000 grams.

Root Words liber – free liber ate – to set free; liber tine – a person with a free, wild lifestyle; liber ty – freedom.

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SENTENCE WRITING REVIEW Part 2

Sentence Writing Sentences must have specific elements in order to make sense and to be understood by your reader.

Parts of the Sentence As discussed in a previous lesson, a grammatically correct sentence has two main parts: the subject and the predicate. SubjectPredicate Noun or Pronoun Verb and Object

The Subject To review, the subject is always either a person, place or thing (noun). Example: Sue (person), Milwaukee (place), table (thing). The subject is what the sentence is about.

The Predicate The predicate of the sentence contains a verb and oftentimes an object. The verb can be active (run) or passive (is). The object answers the question “what.”

Example Simple Sentence The boy read a book. We will diagram this sentence. Subject Predicate Verb Object Noun

Modifiers - Adjectives As you may recall, we use adjectives in a sentence to describe nouns. Adjectives describe. They tell how many, which one and what kind of. Let’s add an adjective to our sentence.

Modifiers - Adverbs As you may recall, we use adverbs in a sentence to modify the verb, adjectives and other adverbs. Adverbs tell how, to what degree, Let’s add an adverb to our sentence.

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Sentence Construction Review There are four types of sentence constructions: 1.Simple Sentences 2.Compound Sentences 3.Complex Sentences 4.Compound Complex Sentences

Sentence Constructions These four types of sentences are the basis upon which more elaborate sentences are made.

Simple Sentence Constructions Let’s write a simple sentence, such as: The boy read a book. A simple sentence can have more than one subject and more than one verb. A simple sentence, however, is only ONE sentence and has no dependent clauses.

Simple Sentence Constructions Let’s look at a few simple sentence examples and diagram them. 1. The boy and girl read a book. 2. The girl bought and ate a cupcake.

Compound Sentence Constructions The compound sentence contains two complete sentences that can stand alone, but are joined by a conjunction.

Compound Sentence Constructions Example compound sentence constructions are: 1. The boy read a book and his sister played a game. 2. Jeff is rich but Frankie is poor. Let’s diagram these sentences.

Complex Sentence Constructions The complex sentence contains an independent clause - a complete sentence - and a dependent clause - an incomplete sentence.

Complex Sentence Constructions Here are two examples of complex sentence construction. 1.After he ate lunch, Alex returned to school. 2.Susan was happy because she passed the test.

Compound Complex Sentences The compound complex sentence construction contains two complete sentences and one or more incomplete sentences.

Compound Complex Sentences Example of compound complex sentence : Because it was spring break, Josh drove to the beach and he sailed on a ship.

Sentence Combining

Look at the following series of sentences. Combine them using our compound sentence writing format.

Sentence Combining The next series of statements can be combined to make a complete thought. Combine the following sentences into one cohesive idea.

Make These Sentences into one Cohesive Paragraph: New York City is in the United States. New York City is located in New York State. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean. It was founded in 1625 as "New Amsterdam". It was first settled by the Dutch.

Example Answer New York City was founded in 1625 as "New Amsterdam“ and was first settled by the Dutch. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean and it is located in New York State in the United States.

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Part 3 - The Idiom Idioms are spoken phrases that cannot be found in the dictionary. An idiom is an expression that means something other than the literal meanings of its individual words.

A hook-up A connection such as a computer hooked up to its cables. The wireless hook-up from the computer to the printer is not working very well.

Lesson Review Today we reviewed the parts of a sentence. We also discussed the four basic types of sentences. Finally, we diagrammed four types of sentences.

Next Lesson In our next lesson, we will begin our paragraph writing sequence.