Urinary system 1.Compounds and functions 2.Embryogenesis 3.Kidney 4.Nephrons types 5.Blood supplying 6.Glomerular filter 7.Nephrons histophysiology 8.Endocrine system of kidney 9.Urine transport system

Kidneys – urine production endocrine Ureters – voiding of urine Urinary bladder–urine deposition Urethra – voiding of urine Embryogenesis of urinary system Source – intermediate mesoderm (nephrogonotom ) Stages – pronephroi mesonephroi metanephroi

Kidney

MFU – nephron renal corpuscle+tubular system Types: 1. cortical – short and long 2. juxtamedullary Blood supply 1.25% of cardiac output 2.Two capillary systems (glomerular and peritubular) 3.High blood pressure in glomerulus

Renal cortex

Renal corpuscle

Renal corpuscle ultrastructure

Glomerular filter

Between circulating blood and urinary space Podocyte Basement membrane unusialy thick physical and electrical barrier Endothelium fenestrated

Proximal convoluted tube

Distant convoluted tube

Urine production StagePlaceMechanism Filtration Renal corpuscle High blood pressure Absorp- tion Tubules Active – by cells Passive – onkotic pressure Secre- tion Collecting tube H+H+

Endocrine system of kidneys Renin-angiotensin Prostaglandins Callicrein-kinins Erythropoietin Juxtaglomerular apparatus 1.Juxtaglomerular cells 2.Juxtavascular cells 3.Macula densa area 4.Mesangial cells

Urine transport system Renal pelvis Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra Tunics I Mucosa: epithelium (urothelium) lamina propria muscularis mucosa II Submucosa III Muscular IV Adventitia