Functional Neuroimaging of Speech Perception in Infants Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Dehaene S., and Hertz-Pannier, L. By Divya Patel.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Role of Auditory Processing in Reading and Literacy

Advertisements

Figure Three-dimensional reconstruction of the left hemisphere of the human brain showing increased activity in ventrolateral area 45 during verbal.

Chapter 49 Language and Communication Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

What Counts? Cognitive Factors that Predict Childrens Mathematical Learning Jo-Anne LeFevre Professor of Psychology and Cognitive Science Carleton University.

Auditory Greebles 2: expertise and the neural processing of the human voice Rob Leech Thomas Wood Fred Dick.

1 Neurocognitive Psychology Dr. Lars Kuchinke Freie Universität Berlin SoSe Introduction - outline Lecture: 1) History 2)

Human Communication.

SPEECH PERCEPTION 2 DAY 17 – OCT 4, 2013 Brain & Language LING NSCI Harry Howard Tulane University.

The Neuroscience of Language. What is language? What is it for? Rapid efficient communication – (as such, other kinds of communication might be called.

Ling 240: Language and Mind Acquisition of Phonology.

Speech perception 2 Perceptual organization of speech.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Central Nervous System (CNS)  CNS = Brain + spinal cord  Surface anatomy includes.

1. Which color represents the frontal lobe?. 2. Which color represents the occipital lobe?

functional magnetic resonance imaging study in a nonverbal task.

Writing Workshop Here are some typical writing style issues which people have trouble with.

Development of Speech Perception. Issues in the development of speech perception Are the mechanisms peculiar to speech perception evident in young infants?

Neural correlates of continuous and categorical sinewave speech perception: An FMRI study Rutvik Desai, Einat Liebenthal, Eric Waldron, and Jeffrey R.

Languages’ rhythm and language acquisition Franck Ramus Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Paris Jacques Mehler, Marina Nespor,

Language. Using Language What is language for? Using Language What is language for? – Rapid, efficient communication To accomplish this goal, what needs.

Cognitive Neuroscience z What do neurons have to do with cognition? z How can neurons do complex things? z How do we know how the brain works? z What.

The voice of emotion: an FMRI study of neural responses to angry and happy vocal expressions Tom Johnstone, Carien M. van Reekum, Terrence R. Oakes, and.

The Neuroscience of Music. Main points Music is like language –Characterized by rhythmic sequential sounds –Has syntax: “rules” by which a sequence of.

Development of Language and Symbols

1 Phonetics Study of the sounds of Speech Articulatory Acoustic Experimental.

1 Neurocognitive Psychology Dr. Lars Kuchinke Freie Universität Berlin SoSe Introduction - outline Lecture: 1) History 2)

Lateralization & The Split Brain and Cortical Localization of Language.

Central Nervous System (CNS): Basic Facts

Recent Findings in the Neurobiology & Neuropsychology of Reading Processes A. Maerlender, Ph.D. Clinical School Services & Learning Disorders.

Impact of language proficiency and orthographic transparency on bilingual word reading: An fMRI investigation by Gayane Meschyan and Arturo E. Hernandez.

The Neuropsychology of Music Different levels of inquiry into the neuropsychology of music The analysis of normal and abnormal psychological and physiological.

Speech Perception 4/6/00 Acoustic-Perceptual Invariance in Speech Perceptual Constancy or Perceptual Invariance: –Perpetual constancy is necessary, however,

Infant Speech Perception & Language Processing. Languages of the World Similar and Different on many features Similarities –Arbitrary mapping of sound.

James B. Brewer, Zuo Zhao, John D Desmond, Gary H. Glover, John D. E. Gabrieli Thomas Pierce.

Copyright © 2010 Allyn & Bacon This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public.

Bookheimer 2003 Annual Rev. Neurosci.. Phonology in IFG Gelfand and Bookheimer, Neuron 2002.

 The origin of grammatical rules is ascribed to an innate system in the human brain.  The knowledge of and competence for human language is acquired.

Hearing in Time Slides used for talk to accompany Roger go to yellow three … Sarah Hawkins* and Antje Heinrich** *Centre for Music and Science, University.

Neuroanatomy Functional circuits in the brain.

Chapter 10 - Language 4 Components of Language 1.Phonology Understanding & producing speech sounds Phoneme - smallest sound unit Number of phonemes varies.

Speech Perception 4/4/00.

Using PET. We ’ ve seen how PET measures brain activity We ’ ve seen how PET measures brain activity How can we use it to measure the “ mind ” that works.

Psychology of Music Learning Miksza Music and Brain Research …from Peretz & Zatorre (2005)

Why parents should invest in teaching their unborn children: Fetal Auditory Learning:

SPEECH PERCEPTION DAY 16 – OCT 2, 2013 Brain & Language LING NSCI Harry Howard Tulane University.

Jeremy R. Gray, Christopher F. Chabris and Todd S. Braver Elaine Chan Neural mechanisms of general fluid intelligence.

LATERALIZATION OF PHONOLOGY 2 DAY 23 – OCT 21, 2013 Brain & Language LING NSCI Harry Howard Tulane University.

Language By Angela Moss Tanisha Flowers Reginald Alexander.

Age effects on hippocampal functional connectivity during multifeatural encoding Chris Foster 1, Milton Picklesimer 1, Neil Mulligan, Ph.D. 1, and Kelly.

ADULT LANGUAGE DISORDERS Week 1 Jan 13, Text Book LaPointe, L. L. (2005). Aphasia and Related Neurogenic Language Disorders. 3rd edition, Thieme,

The Holes in the Brian Help Us Sort Out Sounds..  I. The Brain’s ability to sort out sounds  1. speech sounds are categorized.  2.Misinterpretations.

1 Cross-language evidence for three factors in speech perception Sandra Anacleto uOttawa.

Pattern Classification of Attentional Control States S. G. Robison, D. N. Osherson, K. A. Norman, & J. D. Cohen Dept. of Psychology, Princeton University,

Basic Cognitive Processes - 2

Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb 12 The Central Nervous System Part A.

Unit 5 Phonetics and Phonology. Phonetics Sounds produced by the human speech organs are called the “phonic/auditory medium” Phonetics is the study of.

1 Separable Processing of Consonants and Vowels Alfonso Caramazza, Doriana Chialant, Rita Capasso & Gabriele Miceli (Jan. 2000) Nature. Vol 403:

Articulatory Net I.2 Oct 14, 2015 – DAY 21

Lars Taxén – Activity Modalities An action perspective based on innate coordination capacities Lars Taxén, Linköping University

Brain and Behavior O RGANIZATION OF THE C EREBRAL C ORTEX Gray matter –Cell bodies and dendrites Most common type: Pyramidal cells –Organized.

Introduction  Recent neuroimaging studies of memory retrieval have reported the activation of a medial and left – lateralised memory network that includes.

1 LIN 1300 What is language? Dr Marie-Claude Tremblay.

Neurobiology of Dyslexia Elizabeth S. Norton, Sara D. Beach and John DE Gabrieli Presented by Michaela Cronin April 16, 2015.

Brain Mechanisms in Early Language Acquisition

Language Development.

A Unified Coding Strategy for Processing Faces and Voices

Brain Mechanisms in Early Language Acquisition

Cultural Recycling of Cortical Maps

Towards a neural basis of auditory sentence processing

The Neural Basis of Language Development and Its Impairment

Language Development.

Presentation transcript:

Functional Neuroimaging of Speech Perception in Infants Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Dehaene S., and Hertz-Pannier, L. By Divya Patel

Why study infants? Adult human brain: anatomical and functional specialization for speech processing How? – clarify how it emerges through development

Language and infants? Considerable language takes place in the 1 st year Development in: – Phonology: organization of sounds – Prosody: tone of voice, rhythm – Word segmentation: when a word starts/ends

Motivation Not much known about brain mechanisms Studies mostly use ERPs – Great  know temporal lobes contain neural circuit for phoneme discrimination – Not as great  do not provide spatial information This study uses fMRI

Experimental Design 20s Silence 20s of forward speech 20s of backward speech 20 healthy, non-sedated infants (2-3mo) Speech = highly intonated female voice; in French

Hypothesis Forward speech = ↑ activation than backward speech Fast temporal auditory transitions and phonetic information will be jointly activated

Activation to Sound Similar to adults

Brain Lateralization Similar to adults

Forward Speech vs. Backward Speech In adults, the area is left superior temporal sulcus

Awake vs. Asleep

Was the hypothesis supported? Forward speech = ↑ activation than backward speech in left angular gyrus and left mesial parietal lobe Fast temporal auditory transitions and phonetic information will be jointly activated in left temporal lobe – From superior temporal gyrus to surrounding areas of superior temporal sulcus Yes

Other underlying mechanisms? In adults: – Precuneus and dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) activated during retrieval In infants: – Precuneus and dlPFC activated May indicate early engagement of active memory retrieval mechanism Yes, there seems to be

Strengths Approaches were different than prior studies – Used fMRI – Used non-sedated babies Very straight forward Images corresponding to brain parts Limitations Not enough background – Assumed all readers would know basic infant brain development

Future Directions It would be interesting to do a longitudinal study, to understand when exactly the changes take place To create a study where retrieval can be tested, perhaps through habituation To find specific evidence for either – nativist view (language mechanisms are innate) – interactionist view (language mechanisms are developed through interaction)

QUESTIONS? Dehaene-Lambertz G, Dehaene S, Hertz-Pannier L. (2002) Functional neuroimaging of speech perception in infants. Science 298(5600):