Monday November 19, 2012 If you were absent Friday, get your 2 items from the back folder – turn in by next Monday If you were present & did not turn in the work in class – turn in NOW or it will be half credit Terms to Know, chapter 11 NOW!! 11.1 –Great Chinese Dynasties – SKIP! 11.2 – NOTES

11.2 Ming Dynasty (1 of 2) – rebel leaders successfully challenged Yuan dynasty in 1271 – 1368 – defeating the last of his rivals, the winner names himself Hong Wu, founded Ming Dynasty (means “brilliant”) – reorganized government, high officials answered to him – laws to protect poor farmers from powerful nobles – rebuilt China after wars & natural disasters: irrigation, canals, forests – increased trade and production of goods

11.2 Ming Dynasty (2 of 2) – 1421 – Beijing became new capital, on the edge, with emperors in the Forbidden City (huge palace) – large army attacked neighboring countries – Zheng He – Muslim admiral with a fleet of over 300 ships and 28,000 men sent around southeast Asia & into Indian Ocean between – new styles of portrait and landscape painting – blue & white porcelain – “china” – wrote novels with new printing techniques – 1500’s – influences Europe with exchange of technology, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and weapons

11.2 Mongol Empire

11.2 Mongol Empire (1 of 4) North of China Nomadic warriors, horsemen Great Wall built to keep them out of China Raided & invaded China CLANS: family group with common ancestor Tribes with no leader or goal until 1206 and Genghis Khan Destroyed cities & killed inhabitants of kingdom of Xixia 1211 –conquered Jin/Chin Dynasty of China China saved by Yelu Chucia who showed Mongols to collect taxes Learned to use gunpowder WRITE IN YOUR NOTES:

Tomb Rubbing

Monday, November 26, 2012 On a new page in your notebook, begin this: (TITLE) “ Reasons Mongols are Barbarians ” Put this definition: “ (1)one who is uncivilized; (2) a savage; (3) a fierce, brutal, or cruel person; (4) insensitive, uncultured person ” Below the definition, list 3 things you remember from the first half of the video from last week that supports the idea that the Mongols are Barbarians – use the worksheet to remind you of last week if you have forgotten!

11.2 Mongol Empire (2 of 4) 1200s – continued to expand, conquered Turkish empire 1227 Genghis dies, sons continues 1234 – Jin Dynasty conquered 1241 – Russia conquered Song China finally defeated 1279 Kublai Khan – Genghis’s grandson, finished conquest of China 1260 – Kublai becomes Great Khan, rules until 1294 Yuan Dynasty – founded by Kublai 1271 in China, first foreign ruler of China Empire stretched from China, to Russia, to Persia – largest in world Divided into 4 parts, Kublai ruled all 4 Lasted over 100 years

11.2 Mongol Empire (3 of 4) Subjects could continue their own governments if tribute was paid Religions were not taxed, included many Buddhists, Daoists, Muslims, & Christians Empire had peace & stability – trade flourished Chinese culture spread west on Silk Road (printing, paper money, gunpowder, porcelain, art, medicine) Postal system under Kublai Khan to spread information; over 1,000 stations Marco Polo – Italian merchant in later 1200s, spent time at Kublai Khan’s court in China, wrote book: Description of the World & told Europe of Asia Ibn Battuta – Arab scholar who traveled Asia & Africa between Kept Chinese system of government in China, mostly run by Chinese CONTINUE NOTES:

11.2 Mongol Empire (4 of 4) Taxed China heavily to be paid in labor or money Rebuild Grand Canal New Chinese capitol – Beijing Kept their own culture (language, dress, customs) rather than blending with conquered peoples Did not treat Chinese as equals China contacted West through merchants, missionaries & travelers SUCCESSION – order by which rulers follow one another in office – people argued over who was ruler when Kublai Khan died, one cause of decline Chang Jiang river flooded repeatedly, ruining farmland 15 years of famine in the north FINAL ONE!!

Writing to explain “change” Introduce the TOPIC: include WHO/WHAT causes the change, and WHAT changed (and WHEN, if indicated in the writing prompt) Indicate the BEGINNING: how were things BEFORE? Describe, give detail, list actions Indicate the REASON for change: what/who changed the direction? Indicate the END/AFTER: how were things different? CONCLUDE: restate the REASON and what changed

Writing to describe “influence” * EFFECT * IMPACT * PRESSURE * LEVERAGE * Introduce the TOPIC: include WHO/WHAT is being influenced [copier], and WHO/WHAT is doing the influencing [original] (and WHEN, if indicated in the writing prompt) “BORROWED”: what ideas, actions, inventions, processes, etc. were borrowed from the original? “FORCED”: what ideas, actions, inventions, processes, etc. were forced on the copier? “INSPIRED”: what ideas, actions, inventions, processes, etc. were inspired by the original? CONCLUDE: make a judgment about how these influences change the copier (for the better, for the worse, temporarily, forever, etc.)