International Regulations to improve Maritime safety to avoid oil spills 29 August 2011 Dr Anita Mäkinen Finnish Transport Safety Agency

Increasing international shipping At every moment > 2000 vessels trafficking in the Baltic Sea

Oil shipping in the Gulf of Finland > 150 million tonnes /year

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto Number of ships, Number of ships crossing AIS fixed lines in the Baltic Sea according to the type of the vessels, 2009.

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto Shipping is international activity – and also regulated Internationally National Legislation IMO International Law of the Seas, UNCLOS MARPOL 73/78 Convention SOLAS STCW OPRC, CLC EU Directives Helsinki Convention, 1974/1992 HELCOM Recom- mendations EU Regulations: Strategy for the BalticSea Region

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto International Maritime Organization (IMO)  In 1948 an international conference in Geneva adopted a convention formally establishing IMO  The Purposes of IMO  to provide machinery for cooperation among Governments in the field of governmental regulation and practices relating to technical matters of all kinds affecting shipping engaged in international trade  to encourage and facilitate the general adoption of the highest practicable standards in matters concerning maritime safety, efficiency of navigation and prevention and control of marine pollution from ships".  The Organization is also empowered to deal with administrative and legal matters related to these purposes. IMO Headquartes, Albert Embankment, Lontoo. source: IMO

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto The most important IMO Conventions International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, SOLAS International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ship, MARPOL International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, STCW

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto International Conventions on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Compensation A. International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC) Parties to the OPRC convention are required to establish measures for dealing with pollution incidents, either nationally or in co-operation with other countries. Ships are required to carry a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan, the to be developed by IMO. Operators of offshore units under the jurisdiction of Parties are also required to have oil pollution emergency plans or similar arrangements which must be co-ordinated with national systems for responding promptly and effectively to oil pollution incidents. B. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC) The Civil Liability Convention was adopted to ensure that adequate compensation is available to persons who suffer oil pollution damage resulting from maritime casualties involving oil-carrying ships. C. International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND) The 1969 Brussels Conference considered a compromise proposal to establish an international fund, to be subscribed to by the cargo interests, which would be available for the dual purpose of, relieving the shipowner of the burden by the requirements of the new convention and, providing additional compensation to the victims of pollution damage in cases where compensation under the 1969 Civil Liability Convention was either inadequate or unobtainable. 8 source: IMO

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto DIRECTIVES AND REGULATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Directives Directive 2009/21/EC “Compliance with flag State requirements” Monitoring Directive 2002/59/EC (the 'VTM Directive) with amending acts Directive 2011/15/EU2011/15/EU Regulations Regulation (EC) No 417/2002 and No 1726/2003 on the phasing out of single-hull tankers The directives and regulations of the European Union supplement the IMO regulations

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto Not only Regulations In spite of the numerous Regulations enforced we do have shipping accidents in the Baltic Sea. According to HELCOM statistics 105 shipping accidents (10 of oil spill) happened in Thus, operative collaboration such as GOFREP in the Gulf of Finland is needed. Furthermore, we do have Helcoms Baltic Sea Action Plan and EU´s Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, which are both good forum for collaboration Baltic wide among all Baltic Sea to enhance Maritime and Environmental Safety.

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto THE EU STRATEGY FOR THE BALTIC SEA REGION A SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AND OPTIMAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT To make the Baltic Sea Region an environmental -ly sustainable place To make the Baltic Sea Region a prosperous place To make the Baltic Sea Region an accessible and attractive place To make the Baltic Sea Region a safe and secure place IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH 15 PRIORITY AREAS

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto COORDINATION OF PRIORITY AREAS TO REDUCE NUTRIENT INPUTS TO PRESERVE BIO- DIVERSITY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES CLEAN SHIPPING CLIMATE CHANGE INTERNAL MARKET HINDRANCES RESEARCH AND INNOVATION ENTREPRENEUR- SHIP, SME’S, HUMAN RESOURCES SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY & FISHERIES ENERGY MARKETS TRANSPORT LINKS EDUCATION, TOURISM & HEALTH MARITIME SAFETY & SECURITY PROTECTION FROM MAJOR EMERGENCIES CROSS BORDER CRIME PL/FIDESE DK EESE/PLDK FI y) LV LT DE x) FI/DKDKFI x) =DE/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern /NDPHSy) = fisheries coordinated by SE

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto Priority area 13: To become a leading region in maritime safety and security (PA13) Flagship projects: For example a) MONALISA – project; lead Swedish Maritime Administration develops Motorways of the Sea,contains eco ‐ efficient e ‐ navigation solutions b) “Efficient, Safe and Sustainable Traffic at Sea (abbreviated EfficienSea)- project; Lead Danish Maritime Safety Administration; 16 partners from Estonia, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Poland and Sweden Among the objectives of the EfficienSea project, it is worth highlighting the work on modelling dynamic risk [which will improve possibilities for traffic surveillance services to distinguish high risk traffic] the work on improved data exchange and data content of marine and maritime information; the development of a proto type for so-called e-Navigation and the testing of this in the Baltic Sea; aimed at providing more accurate information for navigation while reducing information complexity; the work on improving the attractiveness of the maritime sector as a career choice for young people 13

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EU STRATEGY FOR THE BALTIC SEA REGION Requires common policies Instruments and Funding at the EU level International actions and cooperations. The Strategy is under revision – it is time to act now! 14

Liikenteen turvallisuusvirasto15 Thank you for your attention!