What is produced from eating food (heterotrophs) or made by plants (autotrophs) that is necessary for cellular respiration?

What is produced from eating food (heterotrophs) or made by plants (autotrophs) that is necessary for cellular respiration? GLUCOSE

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Why are Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Opposites?

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Reactants Products Reactants of one are products of the other!!!!

What is the equation for Cellular Respiration? (Hint: Think photosynthesis in reverse) __________ + ______ → ______ + _____ + ________

What is the equation for Cellular Respiration? (Hint: Think Photosynthesis in reverse) Must know this equation!!!!

Once a cell has glucose, what process takes place to convert the glucose into ATP and Pyruvate? Where does this process take place in the cell? ??????

Once a cell has glucose, what process takes place to convert the glucose into 2 ATP (energy) and 2 Pyruvates? Glycolysis Where does this process take place in the cell? Cytoplasm

What type of living things do Glycolysis? STEP #1 of Cellular Respiration Animals? Plants? Protists? Fungi? Bacteria? Glycolysis 1 2 ATP NADH 2 3

What type of living things do Glycolysis? STEP #1 of Cellular Respiration Animals Plants Protists Fungi Bacteria All living things do glycolysis!!!! Most bacteria only use glycolysis to make 2 ATP’s and don’t need more to function because they are so small. Electron Transport Chain Kreb’s Cycle NADH ATP Glycolysis

PGAL Glycolysis in Cytoplasm Be able to describe the process of Glycolysis

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and needs ATP to break 1 Glucose→ 2 PGAL’s NAD+ → NADH (energy carriers) ADP → ATP (chemical energy) 4 ATP’s are made but 2 ATP’s go back into Glycolysis Net 2 ATP’s 2 Pyruvates (Pyruvic Acid) PGAL Glycolysis in Cytoplasm

CYTOPLASM What happens when Oxygen is present or absent after Glycolysis? 2 Pyruvates ?

CYTOPLASM Oxygen present Cellular Respiration (aerobic) Oxygen not present Anaerobic Fermentation Anaerobic Fermentation (Lactic Acid or Alcoholic) 2 Pyruvates

Where does Anaerobic Fermentation take place? What organisms do alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation? What is created from fermentation that is needed for Glycolysis to continue making 2 ATP’s?

Where does Anaerobic Fermentation (no oxygen) take place? Cytoplasm What organisms do alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation? Alcoholic = Yeast Lactic Acid = Animals (In muscles during short bursts of energy) What is created from fermentation that is needed for Glycolysis to continue making 2 ATP’s? 2 NAD+

What organisms use Cellular Respiration to make enough ATP (energy) for their needs?

All Eukaryotes!!!!

GLYCOLYSIS – In Cytoplasm STAGE 2 STAGE 3 Where do Step #2 and Step #3 of Cellular Respiration take place in the Mitochondria? Mitochondria STEP #1

GLYCOLYSIS – In Cytoplasm STAGE 2 STAGE 3 Kreb’s Cycle takes place in the Matrix (space )of the Mitochondria Electron Transport Chain takes place in the INNER MEMBRANE of the Mitochondria Mitochondria STEP #2 STEP #3 STEP #1 Hint: “Cycles take place in the SPACE” (Matrix) Matrix Inner Membrane

2 2 ATP NADH Step #2: What is this process called and what products are made? Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates 1 ? ? ? ? 3 Charged BatteryCharged Batteries

2 2 ATP NADH Step #2: What is this process called and what products are made? CO₂, NADH, FADH₂, 2ATP Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates 1 Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle NADH FADH2 2 ATP CO₂ out 3 Charged BatteryCharged Batteries

Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 2 Pyruvates →Acetyl CoA NADH & FADH₂ (Energy Carriers) are made from the cycle They are needed for Step #3 CO₂ and 2 ATP’s are made Goes to Step #3 Step #2

A more detailed picture of Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

23 2 ATP ? Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates 1 NADH FADH2 Step #3: What is this process called and what products are made? What is the essential reactant? CO₂ out ? ? ? Charged BatteriesCharged Battery Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle

23 2 ATP 32 ATP Glycolysis 2 Pyruvates 1 NADH FADH2 CO₂ out O₂ in Electron Transport Chain Step #3: What is this process called and what products are made? What is the essential reactant? H₂O out Charged Battery Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP

Lucy and Ethel represent the OXYGEN needed Candy represented the Hydrogen present Wrapped Candy represent the WATER being produced H₂O Oxygen H+ REMEMBER: Electron Transport Chain

What part of cellular respiration produces the most energy (ATP)? Glycolysis Electron Transport Chain Kreb’s Cycle Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP What part of cellular respiration produces the most energy (ATP)?

Name the 3 steps of Cellular Respiration in correct order

Name the 3 steps of Cellular Respiration in correct order 1.Glycolysis 2.Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 3.Electron Transport Chain

Obtain Glucose from eating or photosynthesis Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle Electron Transport Chain Where does this take place? What are the reactants? What are the products? How many ATP’s are made? Cellular Respiration - Overview

Obtain Glucose from eating or photosynthesis GlycolysisKreb’s Cycle Electron Transport Chain Where does this take place? CytoplasmSpace (Matrix) of Mitochondria Membrane of Mitochondria What are the reactants? Glucose ADP & ATP NAD+ 2 Pyruvates NAD+ FAD O₂ FADH₂ NADH What are the products? 2 Pyruvates ATP NADH ATP CO₂ NADH FADH₂ H₂O ATP How many ATP’s are made? 2 ATP’s 32 ATP’s Cellular Respiration - Overview