Colonization Part 1 – The First English Colonies

Objectives 1.Name the first three English colonies in America 1.Name the first three English colonies in America 2. Describe how representative government took root in Virginia 2. Describe how representative government took root in Virginia 3. Explain why the Pilgrims started a colony in North America 3. Explain why the Pilgrims started a colony in North America 4. Describe how Native Americans helped the Colonies to survive 4. Describe how Native Americans helped the Colonies to survive

Settlement at Roanoke Sir Walter Raleigh raised money to start a colony in North America. Colonists landed on Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina in Colonists ran short of food & quarreled with neighboring Native Americans. Settlers returned to England.

Roanoke – Part Two Raleigh asked settlers to return to Roanoke with their wives and children in Supplies ran low. John White, leader, returned to England to get supplies. White was unable to return for three years because of war between England and Spain. White found that the settlers at Roanoke had disappeared.

The Colony at Roanoke

Jamestown Colony King James I granted charter to the Virginia Company giving it the right to settle lands between North Carolina and the Potomac River. Charter guaranteed colonists of Virginia the same rights as English citizens. Colonists arrived in 1607 naming their settlement Jamestown for King James I. Jamestown started in swampy area – colonists suffered from disease. Jamestown became the first permanent English colony in America.

Jamestown

Starvation and Recovery Captain John Smith observed colonists not planting enough crops because they wanted to hunt for gold. Smith set up rule, “If you don’t work, you don’t eat!” – saved colony. Smith set up friendly relations with nearby Powhatan tribe. Pocahontas married settler John Rolfe. Colonists began growing tobacco which was an economic success for the colony.

1619 Male settlers in Jamestown allowed to elect representatives to House of Burgesses – the beginning of representative government in America Women settlers arrived in Jamestown African Americans were brought to Jamestown to work as laborers for growing tobacco – some were slaves for life, some were indentured servants

Jamestown Building the First Permanent English Settlement Jamestown Building the First Permanent English Settlement

Pilgrims Seek Religious Freedom Pilgrims belonged to religious group called Separatists – wanted to separate from the Church of England Separatists were fined, jailed, and executed for religious beliefs in England Pilgrims moved to Holland, but their children were losing English way of life Pilgrims decided to set up a colony in North America

Plymouth Colony Pilgrims set sail in Mayflower in 1620.Mayflower Pilgrims signed Mayflower Compact which set up rules for their new settlement. Named William Bradford as Gov.Gov Pilgrims named their colony Plymouth.Plymouth Pilgrims received help from Native Americans – Samoset and Squanto. Pilgrims celebrated harvest in fall of 1621 – invited Native Americans (first Thanksgiving).

The Mayflower Compact

Life at Plymouth