The 13 British Colonies

The 13 colonies can be divided into 4 regions based on differences in:  Geography& resources  Climate  Economy  Social or religious structure

The Chesapeake Virginia Virginia Maryland Maryland

Chesapeake Colonies 1640

Land surrounding the Chesapeake Bay Land surrounding the Chesapeake Bay Many deep rivers – means of transporting goods to European markets Many deep rivers – means of transporting goods to European markets The Chesapeake

Established through joint-stock company Established through joint-stock company Investors purchased stock in venture hoping to reap a profit as colony prospered Investors purchased stock in venture hoping to reap a profit as colony prospered London Company (later called the Virginia Company) London Company (later called the Virginia Company) Granted royal charter from King James in 1606 to establish plantations in Virginia Granted royal charter from King James in 1606 to establish plantations in Virginia Virginia

Jamestown established in 1607 established in 1607 named for King James I named for King James I the first permanent English settlement the first permanent English settlement thrived after colonists discovered the ease and profitability of growing tobacco in the area thrived after colonists discovered the ease and profitability of growing tobacco in the area

1632 – Charter granted by Charles I to Lord Baltimore 1632 – Charter granted by Charles I to Lord Baltimore Named for Queen Mary Named for Queen Mary Refuge for persecuted Catholics fleeing England Refuge for persecuted Catholics fleeing England Protestants were welcome Protestants were welcome Catholics were instructed to practice their religion discreetly Catholics were instructed to practice their religion discreetly Charter set up a social structure similar to feudal system of the Middle Ages Charter set up a social structure similar to feudal system of the Middle Ages Maryland

New England Colonies Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island New Hampshire

New England Colonies

 Colder climate  Rockier soil, but farming is still possible  Abundant forests and access to water

Massachusetts Protestant Reformation – religious reformers seeking to purify Anglicanism of all Catholicism Puritan Separatists – chose to separate entirely from the Church of England Obtained land patent from Virginia Company of London for land in Virginia Mayflower comes ashore off course in Massachusetts, instead of Virginia Plymouth Colony Begins the “The Great Migration” of Puritans to Massachusetts area

Rhode Island V Founded by Roger Williams V Banished from Massachusetts V Questioned the taking of land from the Indians without payment VQuestioned authority of civil leaders to enforce religious law VColony became a model of religious tolerance for all Christian groups

Middle Colonies  New York  New Jersey  Pennsylvania  Delaware

Middle Colonies

 Diversity of people  Diversity of economic activity

Pennsylvania founded by William Penn as a refuge for Quakers

William Penn

Southern Colonies  the Carolinas  Georgia

Southern Colonies

fertile farmland fertile farmland warm warm flat flat rainy rainy access to water access to water

Georgia Founded by James Oglethorpe Founded by James Oglethorpe Refuge for debtors who had been imprisoned in England Refuge for debtors who had been imprisoned in England