lascaux Illustrating movement has always been an important component of visual art
Sassetta meeting of St anthony and St paul Repeating figures: Having the same figure more than once in a composition creates the illusion of movement, and also a suggestion of time lapse, as well.
Alex Katz Repeating an element (like costume or specific color) will make it clear to the viewer that we are looking at one individual repeated.
Thomas Eakins, Boys Swimming
A kinesthetic response, or, Memory images: our knowledge of how the world works allows us to ‘see’ movement as it happens. Bayeux Tapestry excerpt
Exaggerated poses help contribute to the effectiveness of a kinesthetic response Picasso, Guernica
Robert Longo, From Men in Cities Exaggerated gestures allow the viewer to ‘feel’ the movement as well as see it
Discus Thrower, Myron Chris Van Allsburg Timing: at what point will you depict a specific movement? Right BEFORE or AFTER an event occurs can often be more powerful than depicting the event AS it occurs
Giacomo Balla, Dog on Leash Visual Fragmentation: one object or person broken into several moving parts.
Thomas Eakins, Photograph
FUturisn Futurism: a 20 th c Italian movement celebrating ideas associated w/ the future: speed, industry, youth, etc. What suggests this sculpture is moving? Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space
Peter Paul Reubens Optical Movement: The movement of our eyes through a piece.
Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm
Reubens prometheus Raphael Madonna Raphael, Madonna and Child vs. Rubens, Prometheus How might composition be utilized to suggest movement? How does an illusion of movement vs/ a suggestion of stabilty change the ‘read’ of an image?
Duccio, Jesus opens the Eyes of a Man born Blind 1311 Overlapping
Vertical Placement Limbourg Brothers, Les Tres Riche Heures (June), , Illuminated Manuscript We tend to read items at the bottom of a composition as nearer to us, and objects at the top further in the distance. This effect is amplified by using larger objects in the foreground.
Assyrian archers pursuing enemies from the Northwest Palace of Ashurnasirpal II, Kalhu (modern Nimrud) ca B.C.E. gypsum 2 ft. 10 3/8 in. high This Near Eastern Assyrian relief carving uses overlapping and vertical placement as well.
Foreshortening: shortening the lines of an object to create depth. This is related to overlapping- note the feet overlapping his shins, chest overlapping his neck… Andrea Mantegna The Lamentation over the Dead Christ c. 1490,Tempera on canvas, 68 x 81 cm
Size variation: objects get smaller as they recede into the distance—a principle of perspective.
Layered space: the foreground, middle ground and background of an image are clearly defined Andrew Wyeth
The Chinese were one of the first civilizations to use Atmospheric (Aerial) Perspective. Summer Mountains, Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) 11th century, Attributed to Qu Ding (Chinese, active ca. 1023–ca. 1056) Handscroll; ink and pale color on silk17 7/8 x 45 3/8 in.
The principles of Aerial Perspective- Objects in the foreground are: 1)More detailed 2)Larger 3)Darker or more intense in color 4) Sharper/clearer
Linear Perspective – in the early 15 th century Renaissance artist Filippo Brunelleschi developed this scientific method of creating perspective based on math and geometry. The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci illustrates One Point Linear Perspective.
Linear Perspective happens automatically when you take a photograph. As in Aerial perspective, objects seem to get smaller as they move back in space.
One Point Linear Perspective
There are 3 types of linear perspective: 1)One-Point perspective 2)Two-point perspective 3)Three-point perspective 2-point perspective 1-point perspective
Examples of one point perspective in Stanley Kubrick films
Right: Leonardo da Vinci Virgin of the Rocks Oil on panel, x 120 cm National Gallery, London How is depth conveyed in each of these? Left: Masaccio, Holy Trinity 1428, Fresco, Santa Maria Novella, Florence
KARA WALKER
Silhouette Portraiture, not by Kara Walker
ZTM ZTM
Addition of color Molly Bang