Earth’s Moving Continents Ch. 5, Lesson 2 Part 1.

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Presentation transcript:

Earth’s Moving Continents Ch. 5, Lesson 2 Part 1

Wegener’s Evidence Land features- looked like pieces fit together, similar coal fields Fossils- fernlike plants and fresh water reptiles Climate- evidence that climate was colder in South Africa and had to be closer to South Pole

Plate Movement Over Time Pangaea- 260 million years ago 225 million years ago, Pangaea began to split

How Plates Move Theory of Plate Tectonics- upper mantle is in slow, constant motion driven by convection currents in the mantle

Mid-Ocean Ridges An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary Sonar- device that bounces sound waves off objects to determine their distance

Sea-Floor Spreading Harry Hess- studied mid- ocean ridges and proposed sea-floor spreading Magma causes sea-floor to spread apart along a mid- ocean ridge. This molten material forms new ocean crust Ocean floors move like conveyor belts taking the continents with them

Evidence for Sea-Floor Spreading 1. Molten Material- scientists found strange shaped rocks only formed when magma cools quickly after erupting under water

Evidence for Sea-Floor Spreading 2. Magnetic Stripes- molten rock cooled and the iron bits lined up in the direction of the magnetic poles

Evidence for Sea-Floor Spreading 3. Drilling Samples- samples of rock from the ocean floor showed rocks farthest away from the ridge were the oldest and the closest rocks were the newest