1 Reports

2 Objectives  Use concatenation in a query  Change column headings and formats  Add a title to a report  Group data in a report  Include totals and subtotals in a report  Send a report to a file for printing

3 Concatenating Columns  Concatenation the process of combining two or more character columns into a single expression  To concatenate type 2 vertical lines (||) between column names  List the sales rep number and name of every sales rep where the name is a concatenation of the FIRST and LAST columns

4 RTRIM Function  When the first name doesn’t include sufficient characters to fill the width of the column, SQL inserts extra spaces  To remove extra spaces, use the right trim function (RTRIM function)  Rewrite previous example to use RTRIM function

5 Creating a View for the Report  Data for a report can come from either a table or a view  Often it is simpler to use a view if the report involves data from more than one table

6 Selecting Report Data  Once the query is built, a file should be created to store the report commands. A / at the end of the file will run the most recently run query

7 COLUMN Command  Use COLUMN command to change column headings change width of a column change the way entries appear in a column  Use CLEAR COLUMNS command to clear any previous column changes Without this command any previous changes made to column headings would still be in place  Change the column headings in the report so they are more descriptive of the columns’ content

8 FORMAT Command  The data in the other columns should be displayed with dollar signs and two decimal places

9 TTITLE and BTITLE Command  TTITLE command Adds a title to the top of the report  BTITLE command Adds a title to the bottom of the report  Add a title to the report The title should extend over two lines The fist line is “Customer Financial Report” The second line is Organized by Sales Rep”

10 SET LINESIZE Command  In order for the table to appear appropriately, adjust the line size by using the SET LINESIZE command Line size determines where the title appears when it is centered across the line SET LINESIZE 70 set the line to a length of 70 characters

11 Grouping Data in a Report  BREAK Command Identifies a column or collection of columns on which to group data Value of column is displayed only at the beginning of the group  In addition, remove the message at the end of the report that indicates the number of rows selected

12 Total and Subtotals in a Report  A total that appears after each group is called a subtotal  To calculate a subtotal, the BREAK command must be used to group the rows  Use the COMPUTE command to indicate the computation for the subtotal

13 Finishing Touches  Include these commands at the top of the report.  CLEAR COLUMNS  CLEAR COMPUTE  CLEAR BREAK

14 SPOOL Command  Send the report created to the file named PROJ1.OUT

15 Report Command Summary

16 Summary  To concatenate columns in report, separate the column names with two vertical lines (||) Use the RTRIM command to delete any extra spaces that follow the values  Use a script to save the commands used to create a report so you can make modifications to the report at a later time

17 Summary  Reports are based on tables or views that contain the report data  Use the COLUMN command to change a column heading Use the HEADING clause to assign a new heading name Type a single vertical line (|) to break a column heading over two lines  Use the COUMN command to change the format of column values

18 Summary  Use the TTITLE or BTITLE command to add a title at the top or bottom of a report, respectively  Use the BREAK command to group data in a report  Use the BREAK and COMPUTE commands and an appropriate statistical function to calculate data in a report, such as totals and subtotals

19 Summary  Use the SET PAUSE and SET PAGESZE commands to pause a report after each screen of data, or to change the number of report lines to display  Use the SPOOL command to send a report to a file for printing or editing