The Heart

Introduction The heart beats more than 3 billion times in an average lifetime The heart beats more than 3 billion times in an average lifetime Is the size of a fist Is the size of a fist Lies between the lungs in the middle of the chest Lies between the lungs in the middle of the chest Pumps blood throughout the body Pumps blood throughout the body

Signals of a Heart Attack Persistent discomfort (tightness) in chest Persistent discomfort (tightness) in chest Last longer than 3-5mins. and/or comes back Last longer than 3-5mins. and/or comes back Discomfort, pressure or pain in either arm and may or may not spread to the shoulder, arm, neck or jaw Discomfort, pressure or pain in either arm and may or may not spread to the shoulder, arm, neck or jaw Unbearable crushing sensation in chest Unbearable crushing sensation in chest Dizziness or unconsciousness Dizziness or unconsciousness Trouble breathing Trouble breathing Pale skin, sweating Pale skin, sweating Nausea Nausea

Angina Pectoris Associated with coronary heart disease Associated with coronary heart disease Chest pain and pressure that comes and goes. Chest pain and pressure that comes and goes. Heart needs more oxygen than its getting because arteries are too narrow. Heart needs more oxygen than its getting because arteries are too narrow. Certain meds can be given with early treatment to minimize the damage Certain meds can be given with early treatment to minimize the damage Within 1 hour to be most effective Within 1 hour to be most effective

In case of an attack Recognize the signals of a heart attack Recognize the signals of a heart attack Call 911 Call 911 Give comfort, stopping them from what they are doing Give comfort, stopping them from what they are doing Obtain additional info about victims condition Obtain additional info about victims condition Assist with medication, if necessary Assist with medication, if necessary Be prepared to give CPR Be prepared to give CPR

Cardiac arrest Caused most commonly by heart disease Caused most commonly by heart disease Other cases Other cases Drowning, choking, certain drugs, severe injury Drowning, choking, certain drugs, severe injury A condition when the heart stops beating or beats too poorly to circulate blood properly A condition when the heart stops beating or beats too poorly to circulate blood properly No breathing or circulation No breathing or circulation Brain damage due to lack of oxygen Brain damage due to lack of oxygen

Cardiac chain of survival CPR only provides 1/3 of normal blood flow to the brain CPR only provides 1/3 of normal blood flow to the brain These events need to happen to get the greatest chance of survival These events need to happen to get the greatest chance of survival Early recognition and access Early recognition and access Early CPR Early CPR Early defibrillation- electric shock Early defibrillation- electric shock Early advanced life support Early advanced life support

CPR for Adults Check, Call, & Care Check, Call, & Care 1. Check the scene and the ill or injured person 2. Call Check for breathing for no more than 10 seconds. 4. If there are no signs of life (movement or breathing), give care by giving CPR

Performing CPR Victim should be on a flat, level, firm surface on his or her back Victim should be on a flat, level, firm surface on his or her back Place yourself midway between head and chest area Place yourself midway between head and chest area To find position To find position Find notch at lower end of breastbone and place one heel of hand over breastbone and other hand on top Find notch at lower end of breastbone and place one heel of hand over breastbone and other hand on top Press down on chest keeping elbows locked arms are straight with shoulders directly over hands Press down on chest keeping elbows locked arms are straight with shoulders directly over hands

Performing CPR cont. Compress 30 times about 1 ½ - 2 inches, this should be done smoothly and with the weight of your upper body not your muscles Compress 30 times about 1 ½ - 2 inches, this should be done smoothly and with the weight of your upper body not your muscles Open airway using the head tilt/chin lift and give two rescue breaths Open airway using the head tilt/chin lift and give two rescue breaths Continue this cycle (30 compressions/2 rescue breaths) Continue this cycle (30 compressions/2 rescue breaths) until an AED becomes available, until an AED becomes available, EMS takes over, or they start breathing on their own EMS takes over, or they start breathing on their own

Preventing Coronary Heart Disease Deposits of cholesterol, fatty substance in arteries Deposits of cholesterol, fatty substance in arteries Bad foods, diets, along with smoking are risk factors that cause this disease Bad foods, diets, along with smoking are risk factors that cause this disease Reduces oxygen Reduces oxygen

Daily habits to decrease your chances Improve eating habits Improve eating habits Eat whole grain Eat whole grain Eat more fruits and vegetables Eat more fruits and vegetables Decreasing fat intake (eating fried foods) Decreasing fat intake (eating fried foods) Eat more legumes (beans) Eat more legumes (beans) Eat lean meats or less fat Eat lean meats or less fat Exercise 60 minutes a day Exercise 60 minutes a day