1 Click here to continue

2 Directions: This is a self-paced course on the use of a MK1 Kit after exposure to GB nerve agent. Proceed through the course by clicking on the Take the exam at the end of the training. When you reach “THE END” you have satisfactorily completed the course. Click here to continue Click here to continue icon.

3 If you have any questions on this topic during or after this training, please contact William Allen at: (870) or Click here to continue

4 The Terminal Performance Objective (for this training module)… If given a Mk1 auto-injector Kit and after being exposed to nerve agent in a terrorist attack, you should be able to give a victim or yourself a shot of Atropine and 2-PAM Chloride. Click here to continue

5 Testable Enabling Objectives… 1.Recall the originally intended use of nerve agent 2.Recall the symptoms of exposure to nerve agent 3.Recall how many symptoms of nerve agent exposure you need to see before giving a victim an injection using the MK1 auto- injector kit Click here to continue

6 Click here to continue

7 Types of G-type Nerve Agent… o GA (also know as Tabun) o GB (also know as Sarin) o GD (also know as Soman) o GF (also know as cyclosarin) Click here to continue

8 Accidentally discovered in Germany in 1936 by a Dr. Gerhard Schrader. Dr. Schrader and his research team had been assigned to develop a new and better insecticide. Within minutes of spilling a drop of Tabun (GA) on his work bench, everyone in lab was the first to experience symptoms of exposure to GA. Click here to continue

9 How toxic is GB vapor nerve agent?? If 10 people inhaled GB vapor at a concentration of 35 mg- min/m 3, 5 of them would die. A m 3 is a cube of air about 3 feet by 3 feet by 3 feet To visualize 35 milligrams (mg)…a gram is equivalent to about 17 grains of sand…so 35 mg is about ½ grain of sand distributed evenly in a 3 foot by 3 foot by 3 foot cube of air Click here to continue

10 How toxic is GB liquid nerve agent?? If 10 people got 1700 mg of GB liquid on their skin, 5 of them would die. To visualize 1700 milligrams (mg)…a gram is equivalent to about 17 grains of sand…so 1700 mg is about 28 grains of sand Click here to continue

mg or 28 grains of sand Click here to continue

12 How nerve agent kills you (click on picture to repeat video) ************************ Click here to continue

13 Click here to continue

14 GB nerve agent is classified as non- persistent… That means it easily evaporates and is primarily a vapor (inhalation) hazard Nerve agent VX and incapacitating agent HD (mustard gas) are “persistent” (don’t readily evaporate) and primarily a liquid (skin) exposure hazard Click here to continue

15 Symptoms of Mild Exposure to GB Vapor _ _ _ _ _ - Miosis (pinpointed pupils) – - A headache (pain behind the eyes) – - Dim or blurred vision – - Runny noise – - Excessive salivation – - Chest tightness - Click here to continue

16 Symptoms of Mild Exposure to GB Liquid (skin contact) _ _ _ _ _ - Localized sweating – - Localized muscle twitching - Click here to continue

17 Symptoms of Moderate Exposure to GB Vapor/Liquid _ _ _ _ _ - Mild signs of exposure – plus - Increase shortness of breath – - Coughing/Wheezing – - Nausea/Vomiting – - Diarrhea - Click here to continue

18 Symptoms of Severe Exposure to GB Vapor/Liquid _ _ _ _ _ - Moderate signs of exposure – plus - Generalized weakness/Twitching – - Loss of consciousness – - Convulsions – - Severe respiratory distress – - Flaccid paralysis and apnea - Click here to continue

19 Click here to continue

20 Emergency/1 st Aid Procedures **************************** ** Protect yourself first by donning a gas mask ** Then - IMMEDIATELY mask and remove victim from contaminated area - Remove all contaminated clothing - Decontaminated the victim with soap and water - If victim is showing at least two (2) symptoms of exposure to GB, use one (1) Mk1 Kit on the victim Click here to continue

21 The Mk1 auto-injector Kit ************************ Click here to continue

22 Each Mk1 Auto-injector kit contains - 1 small Atropine injector - 1 large 2-PAM Chloride injector Click here to continue

23 Referring back to the video… The first shot you will give a victim is Atropine (smaller auto-injector…yellow cap) Needle End Safety Cap End Click here to continue

24 CAUTION!! DO NOT touch the needle-end (colored end) of the injector; injector can function into the fingers or hand if any pressure is applied to this end of the ejector Click here to continue

25 1 st Injection (Atropine)… yellow Remove yellow safety cap Carefully grasp auto-injector at the middle section Place the injector on the thickest part of the thigh and press hard until injector functions Hold auto-injector in place about 10 seconds Click here to continue

26 For small-framed personnel, the injection point is the upper portion of the buttocks Care must be taken to prevent needle injection into bone Click here to continue

27 2 nd Injection (2-PAM Chloride)… IMMEDIATELY repeat steps already covered o Remove grey safety cap o Carefully grasp auto-injector at the middle section o Place the injector on the thickest part of the thigh and press hard until injector functions o Hold auto-injector in place about 10 seconds Click here to continue

28 Wait 5-20 minutes and repeat injections if symptoms of agent exposure still exist Get victim to medical attention ASAP!! Click here to continue

29 - For SEVERE Symptoms of Exposure to GB Vapor/Liquid (Moderate signs of exposure, plus generalized weakness/twitching, loss of consciousness, convulsions, severe respiratory distress, flaccid paralysis and apnea) IMMEDIATELY give the victim 3 Mk1 injector kits Click here to continue

30 Are you ready for the exam? Click here to continue Click here to repeat training module

31 Question #1 – What was the originally intended use for nerve agent? (Click on the appropriate answer) a. For use as fertilizer for farmingFor use as fertilizer for farming b. For use as oven cleanerFor use as oven cleaner c. For use as an insecticideFor use as an insecticide d. For use as suntan lotionFor use as suntan lotion

32 INCORRECT!! Click here to review the training material applicable to this question again

33 Accidentally discovered in Germany in 1936 by a Dr. Gerhard Schrader. Dr. Schrader and his research team had been assigned to develop a new and better insecticide. Within minutes of spilling a drop of Tabun (GA) on his work bench, everyone in lab was the first to experience symptoms of exposure to GA. Click here to return to Question #1

34 GOOD JOB!! Your answer is CORRECT. Continue to Question #2 Click here to continue to Question #2

35 Question #2 – What is a symptom of MILD EXPOSURE to VAPOR nerve agent? a. UnconsciousnessUnconsciousness b. Pinpointed pupilsPinpointed pupils c. Severe chest painSevere chest pain d. Vomiting/DiarrheaVomiting/Diarrhea

36 INCORRECT!! Click here to review the training material applicable to this question again

37 Symptoms of Mild Exposure to GB Vapor _ _ _ _ _ - Miosis (pinpointed pupils) – - A headache (pain behind the eyes) – - Dim or blurred vision – - Runny noise – - Excessive salivation – - Chest tightness - Click here to return to Question #2

38 GOOD JOB!! Your answer is CORRECT. Continue to Question #3 Click here to continue to Question #3

39 Question #3 – How many symptoms of exposure to nerve agent do you need to observe before you give a victim the shots of a MK1 auto- injector kit? a. 11 b. 22 c. 33 d. 44

40 INCORRECT!! Click here to review the training material applicable to this question again

41 Emergency/1 st Aid Procedures **************************** ** Protect yourself first by donning a gas mask ** Then  IMMEDIATELY mask and remove victim from contaminated area  Remove all contaminated clothing  Decontaminated the victim with soap and water  If victim is showing at least two (2) symptoms of exposure to GB, use one (1) Mk1 Kit on the victim Click here to return to Question #3

42 GOOD JOB!! Your answer is CORRECT. Click here to continue

43 References: All information and pictures used in this PowerPoint were copied from various existing Washington Demilitarization Company training modules at the Pine Bluff Arsenal Chemical Demilitarization Facility.

44 The END!!