CCNA 1 v3.0 Module 1 Introduction to Networking

Objectives

Requirements for Internet Connection

PC Basics

AGP Expansion Slot PCI Expansion Slots

Network Interface Cards

NIC and Modem Installation

High-Speed and Dialup Connectivity

IRQ, I/O port channels and Base Memory Addresses. IRQ is an acronym for Interrupt ReQuest. An IRQ is a piece of circuitry built into the motherboard that connects one device/part to the CPU (Central Processing Unit). It lets the device interrupt the CPU so that jobs can be allocated and problems dealt with. Devices connect to CPU when: A task is finished The device needs more instructions Faults are developed

IRQs

TCP/IP Description and Configuration

Testing Connectivity with Ping

Web Browser and Plug-Ins

Troubleshooting Internet Connections

Data Representation Character coding schemes ASCII, Unicode Unicode – International 16-bit coding system which can represent different characters Binary number system Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) each decimal digit has its own 4-bit binary code Boolean values only True or False Digitised sound MIDI Bit-mapped graphics

Binary number system Numbers can be represented in a computer in a number of different ways, e.g. 25 in ASCII would be: Alternatively in pure binary draw a table of powers of 2. Then find the largest power of 2<=25 (16). Subtract 16 from 25 and repeat Value = 25 To translate from binary to decimal perform same process backwards Value = 69

Binary Example The yable shows numbers 0 1- in 4-bit binary code. DecimalBinaryDecimalBinary

Boolean Values A Boolean variable can only have one of two values, true or false Represented by a 1 or a 0 Useful to be able to use a binary bit to show if something is true or false, e.g: To show whether a disk drive is connected To show if the ‘break’ key is pressed’ Single bits used in this way are called Flags

Binary Number System

Bits and Bytes

Main Memory Computer Memory 2 50 bytes = 1 Petabyte Pb 2 60 bytes = 1 Exabyte Ex 2 70 bytes = 1 Zettabyte Zb 2 80 bytes = 1 Yottabye Yb

Base 10 Numbers

Base 2 (Binary) Numbers

Converting Decimal numbers to 8-bit Binary Numbers

Converting 8-bit Binary Numbers to Decimal Numbers

Four-Octet Dotted-decimal Representation of 32-Bit Binary Numbers

Hexadecimal

Boolean or Binary Logic

IP Addresses and Network Masks

Summary