Chapter 8 Religion and Reform

Key Ideas 2nd Great Awakening Evangelical preachers New religious groups Non Protestants suffer discrimination Mormons Catholics Jews

Interest in Religion

Mormon Migration

Key Ideas Utopian Societies – “Perfect” Lived together communally Brook Farm, New Harmony Transcendentalists – nature; transcend religion Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau – Walden

Communal Societies

Key Ideas Reformers Ill and Imprisoned Education – Public school movement Horace Mann Noah Webster (dictionary) Ill and Imprisoned Dorothea Dix – mental hospitals Prison system – penitentiary movement Temperance Movement (moderation) End alcohol abuse American Temperance Society

Temperance

Key Ideas Antislavery Movement Cruel treatment; worked dawn to dusk Resistance – Denmark Vesey, Nat Turner William Lloyd Garrison – American Anti-Slavery Society, The Liberator Abolitionism spreads – Frederick Douglass Southerners cling to slavery; defend it Abolitionist women realized women had no rights either! Began women’s movement American Colonization Society – movement to return to Africa (Liberia)

Slave States

Key Ideas Women’s movement No property, vote, rights; education limited Women led reform efforts; slow going Disagreement on aims Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton Seneca Falls Convention – Declaration of Sentiments; first conference Mid 1800’s had gained some rights

Status of Women